Entomology - Exam 3

Nutritional quality

________ has a strong influence on abundance and damage caused.

Secondary compounds

________ are highly toxic and function to kill.

Reciprocal interactions

________ (adaptions) between two different clades that are selective forces on each other.

Treehoppers

________ delegate parental care to ant by producing honeydew for ants to eat.

Hi juvenile hormone

________: given to colony by fecal trophallaxis, keeps them from becoming reproductives.

Monarchs

________ feed on milkweed, parasitized by tachinid fly.

Plants

________ and insects evolve around each other to keep getting pollinated.

Kin selection

________ is altruistic traits /behaviors that favors another individual.

Coevolution

________: reciprocal adaptations between interacting species that increases their codependence.

Angiosperms

________ appear in Cretaceous, promoted radiation in plants /insects.

adults

Workers- ________ are all female and small, forage and tend larvae.

Castes

________ are only reproductives and workers.

Cooperative foraging

________: feed together with silk or pheromones.

identity

Colonies have ________ odor, restricts activity to own colony.

important pollinators

Makes bumblebees ________ in colder climates.

Insectivores

________: organisms that eat insects, usually specialized to eat them.

Insects

________ have evolved wide range of defense mechs to avoid predation.

Cyanogenic morph

________ makes less seeds and has slower growth.

Dioclea megacarpa

________ makes nonprotein amino acid.

Bees

________ are able to sense charge difference.

Orchids

________ adapt to benefit pollinators with a long proboscis.

Enclose anthers

________ and stigmas to only let in strong bees.

Fungicides

________ mainly kill larvae.

Damage

________ by insects is a major selective force.

Luna moths

________ use curling tails to sense.

tibia

Articulation between ________ and tarsus to compress pollen before moving to basket.

Insects

________ promoted speciation in plants through pollinator- mediated reproductive isolation.

oligophagous

narrow range and food

nicotine

Nicotina

Manduca sexta

Tomato hornworm moth is specialist

sinigrin

mustard glucoside

Operophtera brumata

Winter moth larvae

pyrethrum

flowerheads from chrysanthemums

Bruchid beetle

Caryedes brasiliensis

sepals

outer whorl (collectively calyx)

stamens

third whorl

ovary

inner whorl (collectively carpel)

coevolution

reciprocal adaptations between interacting species that increases their codependence

Butterflies

Psychophily

Bees

Melittophily

cooperative foraging

feed together with silk or pheromones

sleep aggregations

Ammophila wasps

share nest entrance

solitary bees

aculeate hymenoptera

muddobbers

females

minors-small, majors-soldiers

females

workers

males

soldiers that lack mandibles (nasutes)

hi juvenile hormone

given to colony by fecal trophallaxis, keeps them from becoming reproductives

ancestral wasps (paper wasps

Polistes)

derived (yellow jackets

Vespula)

stingless bees

Trigona & Melipona

workers

adults are all female and small, forage and tend larvae

WD Hamilton (1964)

kin selection on the haplodiploidy form of reproduction

insectivores

organisms that eat insects, usually specialized to eat them

countershading

light above, dark below on body

fake dead

thanatosis or reflex mobility

bee flies

mimcs bee

paperwasps

mimcs bees