HTM 264 - Unit 3: Individual Differences in Personality, Values, and Attitudes

Practice flashcards covering personality definitions, typologies, value frameworks, and work attitudes from Unit 3 of HTM 264.

How do Bratton et al. (2007) define personality?

A relatively enduring pattern of thinking, feeling and acting that characterize a person's response to his or her environment.

What is the difference between weak situations and strong situations regarding the prediction of personality?

Weak situations are characterized by ambiguity and uncertainty where individual differences vary, whereas strong situations feature clear situational cues and incentives that suppress individual differences.

What are the components of the Big Five personality traits framework?

Conscientiousness, Extraversion, Agreeableness, Openness to Experience, and Neuroticism.

Which four preference pairs form the basis of the Myers-Briggs Type Indicator (MBTI)?

Extroversion/Introversion, Sensing/Intuition, Thinking/Feeling, and Judging/Perceiving.

How does an internal locus of control differ from an external locus of control?

Individuals with an internal locus of control believe events are controlled by themselves, whereas those with an external locus of control believe outcomes are determined by environmental forces like fate or bad luck.

In Rokeach's Value Survey, how are terminal values distinguished from instrumental values?

Terminal values are the desired end-states that a person strives to achieve, while instrumental values are the modes of behavior or means used to achieve those end-states.

What are the cultural dimensions identified in Hofstede's framework?

Power distance, Individualism vs Collectivism, Masculinity vs Femininity, Uncertainty avoidance, Long-term vs Short-term orientation, and Indulgence vs Restraint.

How do attitudes differ from values according to the lecture material?

Values represent global beliefs that influence behavior across all situations, whereas attitudes relate only to behavior directed towards specific persons, objects, or events.

What are the three types of organizational commitment and the key motivation behind each?

Affective commitment (stays because they want to), Continuance commitment (stays because they need to), and Normative commitment (stays because they feel they ought to).

What is the difference between supplementary fit and complementary fit in Person-Organization Fit?

Supplementary fit occurs when a person's values, goals, and personality are similar to the organization's, whereas complementary fit occurs when a person's or organization's values provide what is missing from the other.