Lymphatic, Immune, and Respiratory Systems

Vocabulary flashcards for Lymphatic, Immune, and Respiratory Systems.

Spleen

Located in the left upper quadrant of the abdominopelvic cavity; acts as a large lymph node and breaks down elderly red cells.

Red Bone Marrow

Initial formation of white blood cells occurs here.

Thymus

Located in the thoracic cavity under the sternum; produces thymosin for T-lymphocyte creation.

Right Lymphatic Duct

Drains the right side of the head, neck, arm, and thorax. ( RIGHT UPPER EXTREMITIES)

Thoracic Duct

Drains the left side of the head, neck, arm, thorax, and everything below the waist.

Cervical Lymph Nodes

Lymph nodes located along the side of the neck.

Submandibular Nodes

Lymph nodes located under the jawbone (mandible).

Lacteals

Special lymph vessels that surround the abdominal organs of digestion to absorb both fluid and large lipid molecules.

Lymphedema

Swelling due to the accumulation of lymph, often caused by a blocked lymph vessel.

Lymphangitis

Inflammation of the lymph vessels, often indicated by red streaks.

Palatine Tonsils

Large lymph nodes in the posterior lateral oral and nasopharynx; also known as tonsils.

Pharyngeal Tonsils

Lymphoid tissue located in the nasopharynx; also known as adenoids.

Lymphoma

Blood cancer of the lymphocytes divided into Hodgkin's and Non-Hodgkin's types.

Non-specific immunity

Type of immunity that protects against any infection (e.g., intact skin, tears, mucous membranes, inflammation).

Inflammation

Type of immunity with fever, redness, swelling, warmth and pain present at the site.

natural active immunity

Type of immunity where the patient naturally gets sick and makes antibodies.

Natural passive immunity

Type of immunity where the patient gets antibodies from their mother across the placenta or through breastfeeding.

artificial active immunity

Type of immunity in which Vaccination stimulates the body to actively make antibodies.

Artificial passive immunity

Type of immunity where the patient is injected or infused with somebody else's antibodies.

B lymphocytes

Lymphocytes that create antibodies.

B memory cells

Hang around in the lymph nodes and when a microbe comes by that they remember, they will create babies B plasma cells that will then go ahead and make these antibodies.

Antibody

Protein that combines with an antigen, binding to it and rendering it unable to cause illness.

Phagocytes

Immune cells that engulf and digest pathogens, including neutrophils, monocytes, macrophages, and dendritic cells.

Neutrophils

These mainly phagocytize bacteria.

Monocytes

Circulate for a little bit, but then they are going to become macrophages to go into the tissue.

Eosinophils

Are also weak phagocytes.

Functions of the Respiratory Tract

To bring in oxygen, breathe out carbon dioxide, balance pH, olfaction and speech.

Upper Respiratory Tract

Nose, pharynx, larynx.

Lower Respiratory Tract

trachea, bronchi, bronchioles, and alveoli.

Purpose of Respiratory Mucosa

To keep the tract moist and to trap invading microbes and to keep it from cracking.

Goblet Cells

Are gonna be making the mucus.

Function of the Nose

To filter, warm and humidify the air.

Auditory (Eustachian) Tube

From the nasopharynx to the middle ear, that maintains equal air pressure.

Glottis

Opening between the vocal cords.

Epiglottis

Ensures that only air goes down into the trachea.

Alveoli

At the end of the bronchioles, there are these little looks like a grape cluster where oxygen goes from alveoli to capillaries, and carbon dioxide goes from capillaries to alveoli.

Surfactant Producing Type Two Cells

Cells that make surfactant.

Visceral Pleura

The membrane that touches the lung tissue itself.

Parietal Pleura

The pleura that lines the wall of the thoracic cavities.

Pleurisy

Inflammation of the parietal pleura, characterized by stabbing pain when inhaling.