Module 7: Genitourinary and Reproductive Health

What is Hypospadias?

A birth defect where the opening of the urethra is located on the underside of the penis and not at the tip.

What is Epispadias?

A birth defect where the urethra opening is on the top on the penis instead of on the tip

What is Balanitis?

It is the chronic or acute inflammation of the glans penis

What is Posthitis?

It is the inflammation of the foreskin

What is balanoposthitis?

it is the inflammation of the foreskin and the head of the penis (glands)

Erectile Dysfunction (ED)

A condition where a man experiences difficulty or inability to achieve or maintain an erection sufficient for satisfactory sexual intercourse

What is Priapism?

It is the persistent and painful erection of the penis

What is Cryptorchidism?

A condition in which one or both of the testes fail to descend from the abdomen into the scrotum.

Hydrocele

It is a collection of fluid in the scrotum causing swelling

Hematocele

It is when blood collects in the scrotal sac

Spermatocele

A fluid-filled cyst that develops in the epididymis

Varicocele

It is the enlargement of the veins in the scrotum

Testicular Torsion

Occurs when the testicle rotates on the spermatic cord, which brings blood to the testicle from the abdomen

What is Orchitis?

It is the inflammation of 1 or both of the testicles

Acute Bacterial Prostatitis

An infection of the prostate gland, a walnut-sized organ located below the bladder in men

Chronic Bacterial Prostatitis

A condition characterized by a persistent bacterial infection of the prostate gland

Vaginitis

Inflammation of the vagina due to vaginal discharge, itching, burning, and pain

What is Cervicitis?

It is the inflammation of the cervix due to STI

Endometritis

An inflammation or infection of the endometrium, the tissue lining the uterus

Endometriosis

A disease in which tissue similar to the lining of the uterus grows outside the uterus

Type I endometrial cancer

Prolonged estrogen stimulation and endometrial hyperplasia in perimenopausal women

Type II endometrial cancer

Post-menopausal with endometrial atrophy

Uterine Leiomyomas

They are growths made of muscle and tissue that form in or on the wall of your uterus

Pelvic Inflammatory Disease (PID)

An infection of the female reproductive organs

Primary Amenorrhea

Failure to menstruate by 15 (or 13 with no secondary sex characteristics)

Secondary Amenorrhea

Cessation of menstruation for six months

Primary Dysmenorrhea

Excess prostaglandin production causing smooth muscle stimulation

Secondary Dysmenorrhea

Structural or disease process

What is Mastitis?

It is the inflammation of the breast tissue, usually via breastfeeding

Fibrocystic Breast Disease

A non-cancerous condition that is characterized by fluid-filled cysts and fibrous tissue in the breasts

What male cancer is the easiest to treat?

Testicular cancer

What female cancer is the easiest to treat?

Cervical Cancer