Gene Expression

cell specialisation is the result of

gene expression

expressed genes

switched ON in a specific cell for a particular function, or trait

present genes

switched OFF, and not used in a specific cell type

genes being switched ON or OFF is determined by

messages from the environment/other cells, and molecules already within the cell

one method of switching genes ON or OFF

allowing (or) preventing transcription

transcription

the process of DNA being copied into a complementary RNA sequence

translation

process involving the cell using genetic information carried by mRNA to synthesise proteins,

gene expression

process of interpreting genetic instructions, and assembling proteins from the information encoded in the genes

zygote

diploid cell (the first cell of a new egg cell)

blastocyst

a bigger ball of constantly dividing cells

cell differentiation

performed through gene expression, and is referred to as morphogenesis