physics test 1:bushong ch 1 part 1 worksheet

physics is the study of _ and _ in all their diverse forms

matter; energy

what are the three measurable quantities that are considered basic

mass, length, and time

what are examples of secondary quantities

energy, power, work, momentum, force, velocity, acceleration

what are some examples of secondary quantities that derived from base quantities

volume = length³; velocity = distance/time

what are additional quantities designed to do

support measurements in specialized areas of science and technology

what are the special quantities used in radiologic sciences

exposure, absorbed dose, effective dose, and radioactivity

what is the traditional unit for exposure

Roegtan

what is the Roegtan abbreviation

R

what is the SI unit for exposure

c/kg

what is c/kg

coloumb per kilogram

what is the traditional unit for absorbed dose

RAD

what does RAD stand for

radiation absorbed dose

what is SI unit for absorbed dose

Gy

what is GY

gray

what is traditional for effective dose

REM

what is REM stand for

roegten equivalent man

what is SI unit for effective dose

sievert

what is the traditional unit for radioactivity

Ci

what is CI

curie

what is the SI for radioactivity

Bq

where does absorbed dose take place

inside the pt

where does exposure happen

in a potential space around something

what is radioactivity

man made or natural radioactive source

t/f: radioactivity and the becquerel have nothing to do with xrays

true

t/f: xrays isn’t a natural source

true

what kind of source is becquerel

natural earth

what are the two parts of every measurement

unit and magnitude

another word for magnitude is

quantity

what is matter composed of

atoms

what are atoms

smallest fundamental building block of matter 

what is a primary, distinguishing characteristic of matter

mass

what is mass

the quantity of matter contained in any physical object

what are the smallest building block of energy

photons

what is mass described by

energy equivalence 

what is weight

the force exerted on a body by gravity

matter is anything that _

occupies space

what does the prefix “kilo” stand for

1000

what is energy

ability to do work

The international system (SI), energy is measured in _

joules

what unit is often used in radiology

volts

what is potential energy

the ability to do work by virtue of position

what is kinetic energy

the energy of motion; it is possessed by all matter in motion

what are 5 other types/categories of energy

electromagnetic, electrical, nuclear, thermal, chemical

t/f: all things can be classified as matter or energy

true

what is radiation

the transfer of energy

what is ionizing radiation

any type of radiation that is capable of removing an orbital electron from an atom with which it interacts

in ionizing radiation, the electron is a _

negative ion

in ionizing radiation, the remaining atom is a _

positive atom

what are the two categories of ionizing radiation

natural and man made

what is the natural radiation result dose

3 mSv

natural radiation may include what 4 things

cosmic rays, terrestrial rays, internally deposited radionuclides, and radon

what is the origin of terrestrial rays

earth’s crust

what is terrestrial radiation

deposits of uranium or thorium

what is an example of an internally deposited radionuclide 

^40K

where does radon come from

decay from crust

list the steps of decay turning into radon

decay - uranium - radon

what is radon

a gas

what is decay/uranium

a solid

man-made radiation results in what annual dose

3.6 mSv

what are 3 other man made radiation examples besides medical uses

nuclear power, industrial sources, and consumer items

what are examples of consumer items

exit sign and smoke detectors

who was the first recipient of the nobel prize in physics

wilhem roentgen

what did roentgen use with his nobel prize money

he donated back to the university and then went back to work

what year was this first xray taken

1896

whose hand was the first xray taken of

roegten’s wife

who developed the fluroscope

thomas edison

who was the first xray fatality in the US

Clarence Dally

how did clarence dally die

radiation poisoning

who was clarence dally

edison’s assistant

why were physicians and pts injured in the beginning of xray time

because of very long exposures as such low energies were used

what was happening to radiologist at a much higher rate than others

blood disorders

example of a blood disorder that was happening to radiologist

leukemia

how did marie curie die

anemia

why did marie curie die of anemia

chronic exposure to uranium

what of marie curie was too dangerous to handle

her papers and cookbook

what was highly radioactive of marie curie

cookbook

where was marie curie cookbook stored

in lead-lined boxes

what are the three cardinal principles of radiation protection

time, distance, shielding

which is the best cardinal principle

distance

what is the speed of light

3.0 × 10^8 m/s

how many nobel prizes were won in marie curie’s family

5

how many nobel prizes did marie curie get 

2

who was marie curies husband and how many nobel prizes did he win

pierre; 1

who were marie curies daughters

eve and irene

how many nobel prizes did irene and her husband joele win

1 together

how many nobel prizes did eve’s husband win

1

how many nobel prizes did eve win

0

who did eve’s husband work for

united nations

why did marie curie change her name from polish

to fit in with the french people, she was originally polish

who was eve

artist, writer, pianist, model in vogue

why didn’t eve feel successful

only one in the fam who did not win a nobel prize

where did eve die, at what age, and year

NYC, 102, 2007