(2) Principles of Cell Theory and Biological Organization

A set of vocabulary flashcards defining key biological concepts including cell theory principles, cellular components, levels of biological organization, and specific organ and tissue structures.

Cell Theory

A biological theory that explains life, stating that all living things are made of one or more cells, cells are the basic unit of structure and function, and all cells are created by pre-existing cells through cell division.

Cell

The smallest unit and most basic unit of structure and function in all living things that carries out all processes needed for life.

Organelle

A living structure contained within a cell, such as a ribosome, nuclear envelope, or mitochondria.

Parent Cell

A pre-existing cell that divides into two new daughter cells through cell division.

Tissue

A collection of similar cells with a common origin that work together to perform a specific function.

Organ

A collection of tissues that are coordinated to perform a variety of functions to carry out one predominant major function.

Epithelial Tissue

A specific type of tissue composed of similar cells that work together to perform a function.

Nervous Tissue

A specific type of tissue formed by nerve cells working together to perform a function.

Xylem

A type of plant tissue composed of cells working together to perform a specific function.

Phloem

A type of plant tissue composed of cells working together to perform a specific function.

Heart

An organ made from tissues that is the size of a fist and includes structures such as the pericardium, vena cava, pulmonary artery, pulmonary vein, and cardiac valves.

Brain

An organ made from tissues that is the size of two fists.

Pericardium

An anatomical structure or outer layer associated with the heart.

Tricuspid Valve

A specific valve located within the heart structure.

Pulmonary Artery

A blood vessel connected to the heart structure.