Esthetician Study Guide Flashcards

Flashcards for Esthetician Study Guide

What is the EPA (Environmental Protection Agency)?

Registers all types of disinfectants sold and used in the United States.

What are disinfectants?

Chemical products that destroy all bacteria, fungi, and viruses on surfaces.

What is a hospital disinfectant?

Effective for cleaning blood and body fluids; can be used on any non-porous surface in a salon.

What is a tuberculocidal disinfectant?

Kills bacteria that causes tuberculosis.

What is OSHA (Occupational Safety and Health Administration)?

Regulates and enforces safety and health standards to protect employees.

What is HCS (Hazard Communication Standard)?

Requires chemical manufacturers and importers to assess and communicate the potential hazards associated with their products.

What is an MSDS (Material Safety Data Sheet)?

A form filled out by the manufacturer with information about safety, hazardous ingredients, safe handling, and use procedures.

What is proper hand hygiene?

Washing hands with antibacterial soap for at least 20 seconds before and after each client interaction

What is infection control?

Methods used to eliminate or reduce the transmission of infectious organisms.

What is bactericidal?

Capable of destroying bacteria.

What is fungicidal?

Capable of destroying fungi.

What is virucidal?

Capable of destroying viruses.

What are bacteria?

One-celled microorganisms that have both plant and animal characteristics.

What is a microorganism?

Any organism of microscopic or submicroscopic size.

What are cocci?

Round-shaped bacteria that appear singly or in groups.

What are diplococci?

Bacteria that grows in pairs and causes diseases such as pneumonia.

What are staphylococci?

Pus-forming bacteria that grow in clusters like grapes.

What are streptococci?

Pus-forming bacteria arranged in curved lines like a string of beads.

What are bacilli?

Short, rod-shaped bacteria that produce diseases such as diphtheria, tetanus, typhoid fever, and tuberculosis.

What are spirilla?

Spiral or corkscrew-shaped bacteria.

What is inflammation?

A condition in which the body reacts to injury, irritation, or infection.

What is pus?

A fluid created by infection, containing white blood cells, bacteria, and dead cells.

What is a local infection?

A pimple or abscess confined to a particular part of the body, appearing as a lesion containing pus.

What is MRSA (methicillin-resistant Staphylococcus aureus)?

An infection historically occurring among people with weakened immune systems, but now common in healthy people, usually appearing as skin infections.

What is a contagious disease?

A disease capable of being spread from one person to another.

What is a virus?

A capable of replication only through taking over the host cells reproductive function

What are bloodborne pathogens?

Disease-causing microorganisms carried in the body by blood or body fluids.

What is hepatitis?

A bloodborne virus that causes disease and can damage the liver.

What are fungi?

Microscopic plant parasites that include molds, mildews, and yeasts.

What are parasites?

Organisms that grow, feed, and shelter on or in another organism.

What is immunity?

The ability of the body to destroy and resist infection.

What is decontamination?

The removal of blood or other potentially infectious materials on an item's surface.

What is disinfection?

The process that eliminates most, but not all, microorganisms on nonliving surfaces.

What is sterilization?

The process that completely destroys all microbial life, including spores.

What are multi-use items?

Items that can be cleaned, disinfected, and used on more than one person.

What are single-use items?

Items that cannot be used more than once.

What are porous materials?

Materials with pores or openings that are absorbent.

What are salon disinfectants?

Effective disinfectants for salons, including quaternary ammonium compounds and bleach.

What is sanitization?

Significantly reduces the number of pathogens/disease producing organisms found on a surface

What is disinfection?

Kills MOST microorganism on nonporous surfaces/tools but DOES NOT KILL BACTERIAL SPORES

What is sterilization?

Kills ALL living organism on object/ surface (use autoclave)

What are Standard Precautions?

Universal Precautions plus the assumption that blood and body fluids are potential sources of infection.

What is a client intake form?

A form filled out by new clients before receiving a service.

What is a client release form?

A written agreement between the client and esthetician for a particular treatment.

What are contraindications?

A condition or factor that may prevent you from performing a treatment.

What is protection, a primary function of healthy skin?

Oil on the epidermis that provides protection, acid mantle protects from sebum,lipids,sweat, & water = hydrolipidic film protects skin from drying out

What is sensation, a primary function of healthy skin?

Sensory nerve endings in the dermis that respond to touch, pain, cold, heat, and pressure.

What is excretion, a primary function of healthy skin?

Sudoriferous glands (sweat glands) excrete perspiration and detoxify the body.

What is secretion, a primary function of healthy skin?

Sebum, an oily substance that protects the surface of the skin and lubricates the skin and hair.

What is absorption, a primary function of healthy skin?

Water, oxygen, and ingredients are necessary for skin health.

What is the Stratum Corneum: aka Horny layer?

Top, outermost layer of the epidermis, waterproof, permeable, regenerates itself, detoxifies the body, responds to stimuli

What is the Stratum Lucidum?

Thin clear layer of dead skin cells under the stratum corneum. Layer is translucent made out of small cells that let light pass through.thickest on palms of hands/sole of feet.

What is the Stratum Granulosum: aka Granular layer?

Composed of cells that resemble granules filled with keratin.Production of keratin and intercellular lipids takes place here enzymes dissolve the structures that hold cells together.cells= keratinized.

What is the Stratum Spinosum: aka spiny layer?

Cells continue to divide and change shape. Here enzymes are creating lipids and proteins.

What is the Stratum Germinativum: aka basal cell layer?

Located above dermis compose of a single layer. mother cell divides to form two daughter cells.

What does the Dermis (true skin) do?

Connects the dermis & epidermis W/ connective collagen tissue

What is the Subcutaneous Tissue?

Below reticular layer aka hypodermis

What does the Papillary Layer do?

Connects the dermis to the epidermis, forming the epidermal/dermal junction

What does the Reticular Layer do?

Denser & deeper layer of dermis mainly collagen & elastin

What is the Fitzpatrick scale?

Numerical classification developed to estimate different skin type to the suns ultraviolet rays

What is Dry Skin?

Skin that does not produce enough oil and lacks oil

What is Normal Skin?

Skin with good oil/water balance.

What is Oily skin?

Has access sebum oil production.

What is Combination skin?

Both oil & dry/oily & normal at the same time

What is Acne?

Inflammatory skin disorder caused by comedones & blemish

What is Asteatosis?

Dry,scaly skin from sebum

What is a Comedo?

Build up of cells, sebum, other debris (black head)

What is are Milia?

white bumps typically around eyes

What is Sebacceous Hyperplasia?

Appears on oily areas of face . Small bump

What is Seborrhea?

Severe oiliness of skin

What is a Steatoma?

Cyst or tumor filled w/ sebum (pea/orange size) aka wen

What is Anhidrosis?

Deficiency in perspirations due to failure of sweat glands (require medical treatment)

What is Dermatitis?

Inflammatory condition of skin (eczema, vesicle, papule)

What is Pruitis?

Medical term for itching

What is Hyperpigmentation?

Overproduction of pigment

What is Hypopigmentation?

Lack of pigment (white spots)

What are Actinic Keratoses?

Areas with Pink/flush covered pre cancerous lesions that feel sharp/ rough result of Sund damage should be check out by dermatologist

What is Hyperkeratosis?

Thickening of the skin caused by mass Keratinocytes

What is Impetigo?

Highly contagious bacterial infection

What is Basal Cell Carcinom?

Open sores, reddish patches or smooth growth W/ an elevated border. Appears shiny bumps with either colored or light curly nodules

What is Squamous Cell Carcinoma?

Red/Pink scaly papule or nodules open sores or crusty area that DO NOT heal & bleed easily. Can spread to other areas of the body

What is Malignant melanoma?

Watch/dark patches on skin usually uneven in texture jagged/ raised. 90% of skin cancer are caused by sun exposure

What do Surfactants do?

Reduce surface tensions between skin/product & increase the credibility of cosmetic product

What do PH adjusters do?

Are acids or alkalis based used to adjust the pH of products

What do Preservatives do?

Prevent bacteria/other microorganisms from living in product

What are Cleansers?

Soap & detergent that cleans the skin

What action should be taken if a client has an Allergic reaction?

If skin becomes excessively red, or client complains at burning immediately, remove product and rinse the skin with cold water to prevent irritation

What do Astringents do?

Liquids help remote excess oil on the skin

What do Binders do?

Substance holds products together

What does Exfoliation do?

removed dead skin, improve the skin appearance

What should you observe during a skin analysis?

Check size and oil distribution. Condition present - note the comedones, capillaries pigmentation, Sun damage, and other conditions. Appearance - is skin dry,oily, red, irritated..? What else do you notice? Texture - is the texture, rough, smooth, dehydrated, firm?

Why should you Avoid too much steam?

Steam will cause inflamed skin because dilates capillaries & follicles cause redness/irritation

What is High frequency (violet current) used for?

Relaxing/ stimulating effect on skin

What is Galvanic current : (CHEMICAL DECONSTRUCTION) used for?

Benefit oily/acne skin b/c help softens & relax the debris in follicle before extraction

What is the Wood lamp used for?

Filtered black light that is to illuminate skin disorders, fungi, bacterial disorders,& pigmentation.Used to conduct a skin analysis.

What do the Vacuum and Brush machines do?

Stimulate blood/lymphatic circulation

What is the safety response to an Eye flush?

gently flushed the eye with water for 15 minutes. Have client receive medical attention immediately

What direction does hair removal take place in?

Remove hair in the direction of hair growth. 45 Degree angle

What does Thermolysis do?

Utilize a high frequency current to produce heat. Coagulates&destroys hair (AC) alternating current passes through a needle

What is Trichology?

Technical term for study of hair is TRICHOLOGY