Human Anatomy & Physiology I Lecture Notes

These flashcards cover key vocabulary and concepts essential for understanding human anatomy and physiology as outlined in the lecture notes.

Anatomy

The study of structure.

Physiology

The study of function.

Homeostasis

Maintenance of physiological parameters within a narrow range.

Negative Feedback Loop

A mechanism that reverses change in controlled conditions back to normal.

Positive Feedback Loop

A mechanism that enhances a change in the controlled condition until the stressor is removed.

Feedforward Control

A system that anticipates events to aid in homeostatic processes.

Structure-Function Relationship

The principle that form determines function in biological systems.

Organizational Hierarchy

The structured levels of organization in the human body, from chemical to organism levels.

Characteristics of Life

Growth, development, responsiveness, reproduction, energy processing, organization, homeostasis, adaptability, and heritability.

Intrinsic Regulation

Local mechanisms that maintain homeostasis within cells, tissues, and organs.

Extrinsic Regulation

Coordination by the nervous and endocrine systems to maintain homeostasis.

Receptors

Components that monitor controlled conditions and create input signals.

Control Center

The part of a feedback mechanism that processes input signals and determines output signals.

Effectors

Components that return controlled conditions to normal.

Thermoregulation

The process of maintaining an optimal temperature for cellular function.

Biological Evolution

Change in allele frequencies within a population over generations.

Dynamic Equilibrium

A state in which homeostasis maintains conditions suitable for life.