Nucleic acids: Structure of DNA

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7 Terms

1
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What is the function of DNA?

  • Codes for the sequence of amino acids in the primary structure of a protein

  • This in turn determines the final 3D structure and the function of the protein

2
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What are the components of a DNA nucleotide

  • Deoxyribose pentose sugar

  • Phosphate

  • Nitrogen containing base

3
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What are the 4 bases a DNA nucleotide can contain?

  • Adenine

  • Guanine

  • Cytosine

  • Thymine

4
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How are polynucleotides formed?

  • Condensation reaction between deoxyribose sugar and phosphate group of different nucleotides

  • Forms phosphodiester bond

5
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How many hydrogen bonds does a guanine-cytosine complementary base pairing form?

3

6
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How many hydrogen bonds does a adenine-thymine complementary base pairing form?

2

7
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What are the 5 structural features of DNA which support its function?

  • Stable due to sugar-phosphate backbone and double helix

  • Double stranded so replication with one template strand

  • Weak hydrogen bonds for easy unzipping

  • Large molecule to carry lots of information

  • Complementary base pairing for identical copies to be made in DNA replication