Bio Exam 2 w/ diagrams

in order to complete its life history, the malaria protozoan must produce _________ in the salivary glands of the mosquito hostas that are then transferred from the mosquito to the human hose, where they enter the bloodstream

sporozoites

________ are kinetoplast blood parasites that are responsible for Chagas diesease

Trypanosomes

chlorarachnion is an amoeba with filose pseudopodia that also bears chloroplasts (with clorophylls a and b) of secondary endosymbiotic origin. the chloroplast DNA in the chloroplast of chlorarachnion is similar to ________?

green algal chloroplast DNA

Some members of the Amoebozoa are the agents of_____?____

amoebic dysentry

Of the following, the photosynthetic pigment chlorophyll b is found in all EXCEPT ___?___.

Phaeophya (brown algae)

porphya is cultivated to produce the wrap used to make sushi; also known as nori, what is porphyra is a member of ___?___

rhodophyta (red algae)

the ___?___ all have air spaces that lie near the cell boundary

Alveolata

eukaryotic microbes that live in freshwater generally have ___?___. whereas, most marine microbes lack this structure

contractile vacuoles

Laminaria differs from Chamydomonas in that __?__

Chamydomonas is UNIcelluar and laminaria is MULTIcell

Organisms like the one at the one at the right have an outstanding fossil record largely because ____?____

they have silica cell walls

some dinoflagellastes ____?____

are responsible for red tides

the n+n stage in fungi comes about due to ____?____

a delay of karyogamy that normally follows immediately after plasmogamy

the "fruiting body" in basidiomycota possesses or is characterized by all of the following EXCEPT ____?____

pollen

the gills of basidiomycota are ___?____

the site of basidiospore production

the cell walls of true fungi are comprised principally of ___?____

Chitin

the __?__ is an extension of a hypal cell that penetrates into living host cells

haustorium

the chlorophyta (green algae) lack all of the following EXCEPT ___?___

Mitochondria

___?___ are produced in this structure (see at right)

spores

heterosporic meiosis directly results in the production of ___?___

megaspores and microspores

the cells that undergo meisosis in kingdom plantae are termed ___?___

spore mother cells (sporocytes)

microspores of angiosperms develop directly into ___?___

microgametophytes in pollen

the ovule of seed plants has the potential to develop directly into ___?___

a seed

external (free) water is not required for fertilization in ___?___

flowering plants (angiosperms)

double fertilization results in the formation of zygote and ___?___

endosperms

the role of triploid tissue produced during seed development in flowering plants is ___?___

to provide nutritional resources for the embryo

the meristem is primarily a region of ___?___

cell division

members of the kingdom plantae possess or produce all of the following EXCEPT ___?___

lobose pseudopodia

the monocots are generally characterized by all of the following EXCEPT ___?___

netted (reticulate) venation

a plant whose reproductive structure has 3 sepals, 3 petals, 6 stamens and a carpael with 3 segments is most likely a ___?___

monocot

the vascular cambium produces ___?___

Secondary xylem and phloem

the vascular cambium create mechanical stresses in plants because ___?___

it is an intercalary meristem

a flower is regarded as a forth plant organ, but rather appears to be comprised of ___?___

modified leaves

of the following, which tissue is comprised of cells that undergo apoptosis in order to attain their functional maturity

sclereids

the active site of RUBISCO permits fixation of both carbon and oxygen. fixation of the latter (oxygen) results in ___?___

photorespiration

of the following ONLY ___?___ is found in all organisms that bear plastids

C3 photosynthesis

C4 photosynthesis is characterized by ___?___

a spatial or physical seperation of carbon uptake and the calvin cycle

the bundle sheath (kranz anatomy) of C4 plants is the primary location for

the synthetic reactions that ultimately produce glucose

CAM (craassulacean acid metabolism) allow plants to

keep stomata closed during the day

water ALWAYS moves froms ___?___ potential

high and low

water that moves through vessels and/or tracheids would be utilizing a(n) __?___ route

apoplastic

the casparian strip (suberin) is largly responsible for forcing water to enter the symplast when crossing through the __?__

endodermis

transpiration has the capacity to pull water through the xylem tissue of a plant as a consequence of ___?___

cohesivness and adhesiveness of water

The loading of sucrose (ΔΨs) into a sieve tube member causes a _?_ which is followed by an influx of water that produces a spike in pressure (ΔΨp).

transient decrease in water potential

You determine that a root hair cl has a solute potential ("psi"s) = - 1.8 MPa and a pressure potential (Ψp)= 0.3 MPa. If the water in the soil adjaacnt to the root hair cell has a solute potential of -1.1 MPa and a pressure potential of 0.3 MPa, what is the net direction of water movmenet between root hair and the soil

from soil to root

true or false: the concept of a symplast (i.e a continuum of living plant cells) is based on the observation that all living plant cells are seperated by plasodesmata that permit the flow material from one cell to the next.

true

Engelmann's experiment demonstrating the action spectrum of photosynthesis in a green alga is based on the expectation that growth of aerobic bacteria will respond to the __?__

O2 produced by the alga during the light dependent reactions

engelmann experiment demonstarating the action spectrum of photosynthesis in a green alga is based on the expectation that growth of the aerobic bacteria will respond to the __?__

O2 produced by the alga during the light dependent reaction

phytochrome (photoreceptor proteins that respond to red and far-red light and play a vital role in plant growth, development, and stress resistance) can take two forms. one form is converted to the other form by __?__

exposure to specific wavelength of light (660nm or 730nm)

when considering the concept of control of development in plants by plant hormones (i e plant growth regulation), signal transduction generally requires ___?___

a second messenger like CA++

long day plants actually require a short night in order to __?__

induce flowering

__?__ is the plant growth regulator thought to exert control over plant growth phenomena generally reffered to as stress response

abscisic Acid (ABA)

Frits Went identified auxin as the diffusible sunstance that stimulate ____?____ in coleoptiles

phototropism

what is sporozoites

plasmodium cell type in salivary gland of mosquitos

what is merozoites

plasmodium cell types that infect Red Blood Cells

what is apicoplast

plastid-like organelles in plasmodium

what is phycobilins

photosynthetic pigment found in red algae and cyanobacterium

What is Foraminifera?

calcium corbonate shells and filose pseudopodia

what is primary endosymbiosis

prokaryote engulfs eukaryote

what is secondary endosymbiosis

eukaryote engulfs eukaryote

what is trypanosoma

kineoplast organism and agent of sleeping sickness

what is euglena

bears chloroplasts derived from secondary endosymbiosis

what is chlorophyll C

photosynthetic pigment found in alveolata and stramenopila

what is chlorophyll B

photosynthetic pigment found in viridiplantae

orgamisms like the one on the right have a cell wall comprise off ?

silica

Match the correct description of a phase or process to the appropriate position (A, B, C or D) on the diagram at the right:

D:Meiosis
C: Fertilization
B:Sexual Phase
A: Asexual Phase

Meiosis in the Plasmodium life history occurs __?__

in the mosquito

Dinoflagellates are members of the __?__ alliance due to the fact that small air sacs areobserved near the cell boundary of dinoflagellate cells

Alveolate

The theory of eukaryotic origins proposed by Lynn Margulis correctly predicted that the __?__of Chlorarachniophytes would be derived from __?__

chloroplast DNA; a green algal chloroplast

True or False: The high magnification image on the right could be across section through a cilium of Paramecium

true

the antheridia of ferns produce ___?___ through mitotic divisions

sperms

the plant cuticle is adaptive for embryophytes (i. e, land plants) because ___?___

it serves as vascular tissue

xylem

conducts water and dissolves ions

phloem

conducts sugars (photosynthesis)

embryo

immature sporophyte (diploid) stage

phragmoplast

system of microtublues that form perpendicular to plane of cell division in charophytes and higher plants

heterospory

megaspores and microspores

sporangium

Site of meiosis in higher plants

spore mother cell

cell that is destined to undergo meiosis

stomata

microscopic opening in plants that is bounded by gaurd cell

antheridium

male gametangium

archegonium

female gametangium

ovule

develops into seed

Match the correct description of a structure or process to the appropriate label (A, B, C or D) on the diagram at the right. NOTE: One answer (A) appears in two different spots in the life history

A. Meiosis
B: Fertilization
C: Microsporangium
D: Megasporangium

all of the following EXCEPT ___?___ are typical features of monocot plants

a eustele (ring of bundles) in the stem

tracheid

narrow diameter water conducting cell

vessel element

large diameter water conducting cell

sieve tube element

phloem cell with perferated end walls; loses nucleus

companion cell

phloem cell that retains its nucleus; a specialized cell in a plants phloem that is closely associated with a sieve tube cell

vascular cambium

lateral meristem that produces wood and secondary phloem

sclerenchyma

exclusively structural tissue that is dead at maturity

collenchyma

structural tissue that remains alive

match the correct cell or tissue name to the appropriate label (A, B, C, D, or E)

50. E: Vein with bundle sheath, xylem, and phloem

51. D: Epidermis

52. B: Palisade Mesophyll

53. C: Spongey mesophyll

54. A: Stoma with guard cells

collenchyma

structural tissue that remains alive

vessel element

large diameter water conducting cell

sieve tube element

phloem cell with perferated end walls; loses nucleus

What is A

Oxygen

What is A

Mesophyll Cell

What is B

Bundle Sheath Cell

What is C

PEP Carboxylase

What is D

RUBISCO