Thalamus

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Last updated 5:30 AM on 4/29/26
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10 Terms

1
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5 Functional Groups of thalamic nuclei, projections

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3
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Sensory specific thalamic nuclei: VPM, VPL function, inputs and outputs

  • VPM → M = Mouth (face + taste)

  • VPL → L = Limbs (rest of the body)

<ul><li><p><strong>VPM → M = Mouth (face + taste)</strong></p></li><li><p><strong>VPL → L = Limbs (rest of the body)</strong></p></li></ul><p></p>
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VPL Pathway: 1st, 2nd, 3rd order neurons, decussation point, input and output.

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VPM Pathway: 1st, 2nd, 3rd order neurons, decussation point, input and output.

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LGN, MGN: input, output , pathway

• Lateral Geniculate (LGN)

➢ Input from optic tract (from retina)

➢ Outputs to primary visual cortex (via optic radiation) •

Medial Geniculate (MGN)

➢ Input from inferior brachium (from ……cochlear) ➢ Output to primary auditory area (via auditory radiation)

<p>• Lateral Geniculate (LGN) </p><p>➢ Input from optic tract (from retina) </p><p>➢ Outputs to primary visual cortex (via optic radiation) •</p><p> Medial Geniculate (MGN) </p><p>➢ Input from inferior brachium (from ……cochlear) ➢ Output to primary auditory area (via auditory radiation)</p>
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VA, VL, function, functional thalamic group, pathway

• Ventral Anterior (VA) and Ventral Lateral (VL)

➢ Input from basal ganglia motor loop (globus pallidus internal)

➢ Input from cerebellum motor loop (interposed and dentate nuclei)

➢ Outputs to pre-motor (PMC) ,supplementary motor (SMA), and primary motor (M1) cortices

<p>• Ventral Anterior (VA) and Ventral Lateral (VL) </p><p>➢ Input from basal ganglia motor loop (globus pallidus internal) </p><p>➢ Input from cerebellum motor loop (interposed and dentate nuclei) </p><p>➢ Outputs to pre-motor (PMC) ,supplementary motor (SMA), and primary motor (M1) cortices</p>
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Limbic specific thalamic nuclei name, function, input, output , papez circuit

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MD, LD, LP, Pul, DM: are part of which thalamic nuclei functional group. INputs and outputs of each

MD = Mind (attention, planning, cognition)

Lateral Posterior + Pulvinar = Looking PTO

LD = Limbic diary

<p>MD = Mind (attention, planning, cognition)</p><p>Lateral Posterior + Pulvinar = Looking PTO</p><p>LD = Limbic diary</p>
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Non-specific thalamic nuclei name and inputs/outputs

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