RNA Structure and Types

Flashcards covering the chemical structure, base pairing rules, and characteristics of the three main types of RNA (mRNA, tRNA, and rRNA) as described in the biology resource materials.

What are the four nitrogenous bases found in the ribo-nucleotides of RNA?

Uracil (U), Cytosine (C), Guanine (G), Adenine (A)

In RNA complementary base pairing, how many hydrogen bonds form between Adenine and Uracil?

$2$ hydrogen bonds

In RNA complementary base pairing, how many hydrogen bonds form between Guanine and Cytosine?

$3$ hydrogen bonds

What are the three types of RNA present in cells?

$1$. Messenger RNA (mRNA), $2$. Transfer RNA (tRNA), and $3$. Ribosomal RNA (rRNA)

Which type of RNA is described as a linear molecule and is the least abundant type in a cell?

Messenger RNA (mRNA)

What are the two primary functions of Messenger RNA (mRNA)?

Copies genetic information stored in DNA as a sequence of nitrogenous bases and transports it from the nucleoplasam to the site of protein synthesis (ribosome) through nucleopores

Which RNA molecule is the smallest and features a three-looped structure?

Transfer RNA (tRNA)

What is the specific function of Transfer RNA (tRNA)?

Transportation of amino acids to the site of protein synthesis

Which type of RNA is the most abundant and possesses a complex irregular structure?

Ribosomal RNA (rRNA)

What is the primary function of Ribosomal RNA (rRNA)?

It provides the site where polypeptide chains are assembled