General Chemistry 1: Chemical Reactions and Equations

Flashcards for key concepts related to chemical reactions, equations, and the mole concept in general chemistry.

Chemical Reaction

A process that leads to the transformation of one set of chemical substances to another.

Indication of Chemical Reaction

Signs that a chemical reaction has occurred, including change in color, evolution of gas, change in temperature, and formation of precipitation.

Endothermic Reactions

Reactions that absorb energy in order to proceed.

Oxidation

The addition of oxygen and removal of hydrogen in a reaction.

Reduction

The removal of oxygen and addition of hydrogen in a reaction.

Corrosion

Natural process that converts refined metal to a more stable form.

Rancidity

The process that causes a substance to become rancid.

Chemical Equation

A symbolic representation of a chemical reaction using symbols.

Skeletal Equation

An unbalanced chemical equation showing reactants and products without balancing.

Balanced Equation

An equation where both sides have the same number of each type of atom.

Combination Reaction

A reaction in which two or more substances combine to form a new substance.

Decomposition Reaction

A type of reaction where a single compound breaks down to produce two or more similar substances.

Electrolysis

Decomposition of a substance by passing electric current.

Thermal Decomposition

Decomposition of a substance caused by heating.

Photochemical Decomposition

Decomposition of a substance in the presence of sunlight.

Displacement Reaction

A reaction where a more reactive metal displaces another element from a compound.

Double Displacement Reaction

A reaction between two different atoms or groups where they are displaced by other atoms or groups.

Precipitation Reaction

A reaction where cations and anions in an aqueous solution combine to form an insoluble ionic solid.

Neutralization Reaction

A type of double replacement reaction that results in the formation of a salt from an acid-base reaction.

Exothermic Reaction

A reaction that releases energy in the form of light or heat.

Mole

A counting unit representing a quantity of a substance that contains the same number of elementary entities.

Avogadro's Number

The number of particles in one mole of a substance, 6.02 x 10^23.

Representative Particles

The smallest pieces of a substance.

Converting Moles to Particles

Multiply moles by Avogadro's number (6.02 x 10^23) to convert to particles.

Converting Particles to Moles

Divide the number of particles by Avogadro's number (6.02 x 10^23) to convert to moles.

Converting Mass to Moles

Divide grams by molar mass to convert to moles.

Converting Moles to Mass

Multiply moles by molar mass to convert to grams.

Converting Liters to Moles

Divide liters by 22.4 L to convert to moles.

Converting Moles to Liters

Multiply moles by 22.4 L to convert to liters.