thermal physics

The triple point of a substance

Is the point of a substance where it is a solid liquid and gas all at once, it requires exact temperature and pressure. Tripple point of water is 0.01 degrees Celsius

Thermal equilibrium

When two or more bodies are exchanging thermal energy at the same rate so no net heat is exchanged.

The zeroth law of thermodynamics

It states that: if body A is in equilibrium with body B and body B is in equilibrium with body C then A and C are also in equilibrium.

The Celsius scale

The modern temperature scale used world wide and is found using the Kelvin scale +273.15

The absolute temperature scale

Is measures in Kelvin and starts at absolute 0

Internal energy

Made up of potential energy between the particles in a substance and the kinetic energy of those particles.

Can be increased by giving energy to the substance through heating or adding potential difference.

Specific heat

The energy required to raise one kg of an element by 1 degree

E = mc x change in temp

c = E/m x change in temp

Latent heat of fusion

Energy required to convert one kg of a material into a liquid from a solid.

Q = mL

Latent heat of vapourisation

The energy required to cover one kg of a liquid into a gas

Q = mL