AP Gov Chapter 5 Key Terms

free ass class bro ong

Executive Branch

the branch of government that enforces laws; it is headed by the president, and includes the vice president, cabinet, and federal agencies.

Formal (or enumerated powers)

powers of the president that are explicitly stated in the Constitution, such as vetoing laws, appointing officials, making treaties, commanding the military, and granting pardons.

informal powers

actions and influence the president uses that are not directly stated in the Constitution, such as executive orders, setting the legislative agenda, using the media, and negotiating with Congress or foreign leaders.

treaty

a formal agreement between the United States and another country, negotiated by the president and requiring approval by a two-thirds vote in the Senate.

State of Union Address

presidents speaking on live TV before Congress, Supreme Court, military, and the entire nation. Often talks about key pieces of legislation and political intent.

veto

president’s ability to reject a piece of legislation (can be overwritten with a 2/3 vote in both chambers)

pocket veto

When a president doesn’t sign a piece of legislation within ten days during a period when Congress has adjourned at the end of a session

presidential pardon

The power to grant Reprieves and Pardons for Offenses against the United States except in cases of impeachment

executive privilege

Presidents attempt to exercise independent control over information through the assertion executive privilege, which they try to shield from Congress, Judiciary, and the public the details of discussions, debates, etc..

executive agreement

agreements signed by the president with foreign nations without congressional review.

signing statement

When a president signs a bill into law, he or she may add written comments that convey instructions to the various agencies that will carry out the law.

executive order

policy directives issued by presidents that do not require congressional approval.

War Powers Resolution

President may only introduce armed forces into conflict or likely conflict if:
declaration of war by Congress
specific statutory authorization by Congress
a national emergency created by an attack on the US, it’s territories or possessions or armed forces.

Impeachment

the process by which the legislative branch (usually the House of Representatives) formally charges a president or other federal official with misconduct. If convicted by the Senate, the official can be removed from office.

Executive Office of President

Large staff directly working for the president which are his closest advisors

Bargaining and persuasion

• Bargaining means the president or officials negotiate with Congress, other governments, or agencies to gain support or reach agreements.

• Persuasion means the president uses influence, public appeal, or authority to convince others to support policies or actions

Bully Pulpit

Presidents appeal to the public to pressure other branches of government to support their policies

going public

A strategy where a president promotes himself and his policies by appealing directly to the American public for support