Motion in One Dimension & Projectile Motion Flashcards

Flashcards covering key concepts and formulas from a physics lecture on motion in one dimension and projectile motion.

What is the condition for a body to be in motion?

A body is in motion if it changes its position with respect to its surroundings.

Define 'rest' in physics.

A body is at rest if it doesn't change its position with respect to its surroundings.

What is distance, and what type of quantity is it?

Distance is the total actual path covered by a body; it is a scalar quantity.

Define displacement, and what type of quantity is it?

Displacement is the shortest distance covered by a body in a particular direction; it is a vector quantity.

How is displacement calculated?

Displacement = Final position - Initial position

What is the relationship between distance and displacement?

Displacement covered by a moving body in certain time interval may be zero, negative or positive but distance can never be zero or negative.

How does distance traveled change with time for a moving body?

The distance traveled always increases with time.

Define speed.

The distance covered by a body in a unit time is called speed.

What is the formula for average speed?

Average speed = Total distance travelled / Total time taken

Define velocity.

The displacement covered by a body in unit time in a given direction is called velocity.

What is the relation between speed and velocity?

speed ≥ velocity

What is uniform velocity and what is the acceleration?

If a body covers equal displacement in equal intervals of time, a=0

Define instantaneous velocity.

vinst = lim (Δs/Δt) as Δt approaches 0

Define acceleration.

The rate of change of velocity with time is called acceleration.

What are the equations of motion?

(i) v = u + at, (ii) s = ut + (1/2)at², (iii) v² = u² + 2as, (iv) S=(u+v)/2 * t

What is the formula for the distance travelled by a body in the tth second of its motion?

St = u + a/2 * (2t - 1)

If a body is thrown upwards, what is the maximum height attained and the time taken to reach the highest point?

h = u²/2g and t = u/g

What are the equations of motion under gravity when a body falls freely?

h = ut + (1/2)gt², v = u + gt, v² = u² + 2gh

What are the equations of motion under gravity when a body is thrown upwards?

h = ut - (1/2)gt², v = u - gt, v² = u² - 2gh

Define projectile motion.

The motion of a particle in a plane which is thrown into space and moves under the influence of gravity alone with constant acceleration.

For projectile motion, what can you say about the acceleration and velocity?

Acceleration is constant, but velocity changes in both magnitude and direction.

In horizontal projectile motion from a height H, what are the distances traveled in the x and y directions in time t?

x = ut, y = H - (1/2)gt²

In horizontal projectile motion, what is the equation of the trajectory?

y = H - (x² / 2u²)

What is the time of flight (T) and Horizontal Range (R) for horizontal projectile?

Time of Flight T = sqrt(2H/g) and Horizontal range R = u * sqrt(2H/g)

What happens to velocity, speed, K.E. and Momentum of a projectile?

increase gradually

What happens to Potential Energy of a projectile?

gradually decreases

What happens to Mechanical Energy and acceleration of a projectile?

remains constant

List the distances travelled in time t for oblique projection.

horizontal distance x = uxt = utcosθ and vertical distance y = utsinθ - (1/2)gt²

List the formulas for time to attain greatest vertical height (T') and time of flight (T).

T' = usinθ / g, T = 2usinθ / g

List the formulas for horizontal range (R) and maximum height (Hmax).

R = (u²sin2θ) / g, Hmax = (u²sin²θ) / 2g