Immune System - McGraw Hill Questions

Order of events of inflammation

Release of chemicals → Vasodilation → recruitment of immune cells → delivery of plasma proteins

Opsonization is the binding of a protein to a portion of bacteria. The binding protein, such as antibody, is called an ____

osponin

Antibody-mediated immunity is also called ____ immunity

humoral

T-lymphocytes mature in the ____

thymus

A helper T Cells first stimulated by binding to antigen presented on an ____

MHC class II molecule presented by an APC

Order of events of Activation of a T-helper cell in order

APC engulfs antigen and presents it on an MHC class II molecule → Helper T cell binds APC → Helper T cell secrets IL-2 → Helper T cell proliferates

Order of events of B cell activation in order

B cell binds free antigen → B cell engulfs antigen and presents it to a T helper cell → activated helper T cell releases IL-4 → B cell proliferates

Lymphocytes do not stay in secondary lymph structures permanently but move out after several days. This process is referred to as lymphocyte ____

recirculation; migration

A B cell is first stimulated by ____

antigens outside of cells

Activated B-lymphocytes that do not become plasma cells, become

memory B-lymphocytes

The various ways that activated lymphocytes combat an antigen are collectively referred to as the ___ response

effector`

Where are foreign antigens found in the blood usually taken?

spleen

Which of the following increases the odds that a specific lymphocyte will encounter specific antigen

lymphocyte recirculation

Activated helper T cells release which two of following to stimulate other immune cells

• Cytokines

• Interleukins

Antibodies target ____ antigens

specific

All IgM antibodies have what region in common?

Fc

The region of the antibody that binds to the antigen is the ____ region

variable or arms

Identify the class of immunoglobulin that has a half-life in the blood of 23 days?

IgG

The stem of an antibody contains which of the following regions?

constant

Identify the class of immunoglobulin that is most effective at causing agglutination of cells and binding complement

IgM

IgG usually exists as a ____.

monomer

Identify the class of immunoglobulin that is produced during an allergic reaction and has a half-life in the blood of 2 days

IgE

What is the half-life of IgA in the blood?

5.5 days

Identify the class of immunoglobulin that is usually a pentamer found mostly in blood

IgM

Identify the class of immunoglobulins that are usually formed in response to allergic reactions and parasitic infections

IgE

Identify all the true statements regarding IgG

• Predominant antibody in the blood

• Can cross the placenta

• Can neutralize snake venom

Which of the following components are required for the process of class switching to occur?

• CD40 surface protein

• cytokines

• CD154 protein

Along with direct contact between the plasma cell and a helper T-lymphocyte, a specific type of ____ released from the helper T-lymphocyte is necessary for class switching

cytokines

IgM is ____ versatile than IgG in its biological functions

less

Vaccines are administered to increase the number of memory ____ cells you have for a specific antigen

B

Antibodies titer is measure of ____

immunologic memory

The first time you are exposed to a particular strain of flu virus, your production of antibodies is called the ____ response

primary

Antibody ____ in the blood stream is one measure of immunologic memory

titer

Active and passive immunity both can be acquired naturally or artificially

True

What class of antibody is produce in a much higher concentration during a secondary response?

IgG

Immunity due to a vaccine is an example of ____

artificially acquired active immunity

Identify the type of immunity that is passed from mother to baby through the placenta

naturally acquired passive immunity

Identify all the true statements regarding active immunity

• Active immunity may result from direct exposure to an antigen

• Active immunity includes the development of memory cells

The memory response of the immune system is also called the ____

anamnestic

Hives, allergic asthma, and allergic rhinitis may occur during the ____ phase of acute hypersensitivity

effector

Immunoglobulin E (IgE) is involved in ____

acute hypersensitives