Chemistry - Chapter 34: Nitrogen and its compounds

Mechanism of formation of amines from halogenalkane and ammonia (NH3)

Nucleophilic substitution

Condition for formation of amines from halogenoalkane and ammonia (NH3)

Hot ethanolic ammonia (NH3) under pressure

Mechanism of formation of amines from halogenoalkane and nitrile (CN)

Nucleophilic Substitution AND addition

Condition of formation of amines from halogenoalkane and nitrile (CN)

Step 1: KCN, ethanol heat under reflux
Step 2: LiAlH4 / Ni catalyst, nitrile vapour, hydrogen in ether

Mechanism for formation of amines from halogenoalkane and other amines

Nucleophilic substitution

Condition for formation of amines from halogenoalkane and other amines

Ethanol, seal tube, heat under reflux

Mechanism of formation of amines from reduction of amides

Addition and reduction

Condition for formation of amines by reduction of amides

LiALH4/ Ni catalyst in dry ether

Mechanism of reaction between amines and acyl chlorides to form amides

Addition - elimination

Condition of reaction between acyl chloride and amine to form amide

NH3 concentrated, room temperature

Mechanism of reaction of amides to produce COOH or COONa

Hydrolysis

Condition of reaction of amides to form COOH or COONa

Reflux with acid or base

Mechanism of production of phenylamine from nitrobenzene

Reduction

Condition of production of phenylamine from nitrobenzene

Hot tin (Sn), concentrated HCl then NaOH