Aluminum, Scientific Method, and Physical vs Chemical Changes (Video Notes)

A set of practice flashcards covering aluminum applications, the scientific method, mass conservation, atomic theory, and physical vs chemical changes.

What are the common applications of aluminum mentioned in the notes?

Cans (aluminum foil), windows and doors, airplanes; cars are made of aluminum; aluminum is cheaper than steel.

Why is aluminum considered important compared to steel according to the notes?

Aluminum is lighter and cheaper than steel.

What is the general sequence of the scientific method as described in the notes?

Observation, hypothesis, experiments to test the hypothesis, and validation of results; repeatability may extend validation to other contexts or countries.

What is a hypothesis?

An educated guess formed after making observations.

What is a scientific law as described in the notes?

The law is the result of many observations and experiments; if results are repeatable, a general rule is established.

What is the role of experiments in science according to the notes?

To test and validate hypotheses and determine if results can be repeated to support or refute a theory.

What does the notes say about the atomic theory?

It is a theory about atoms; there is a single atomic theory described.

What is conserved in physical and chemical changes?

Mass cannot be created or destroyed.

What is the difference between physical and chemical changes?

Physical changes alter appearance or state without changing composition; chemical changes involve chemical reactions and change composition.

What are examples of physical changes given in the notes?

Dissolving sugar in hot water and freezing water to ice; changes in state or appearance without changing substance identity.

What are examples of chemical changes given in the notes?

Metal dissolving in acid; oxidation or corrosion.

What physical properties are mentioned in the notes?

Odor, melting point, volume; mass remains constant during physical changes.

What is the composition of water as mentioned?

Water is H2O with fixed bonding; its composition remains constant.

What does dissolving imply about mass according to the notes?

Dissolving sugar in water is a physical change; the mass of the substance is conserved even if it seems to disappear.