Prin Hlth Sci 2

What events led to changes in health care

wars, pandemics, new tech, chainging demographics

What are some new health care related changes

New drugs, revised treatment, emerging diseases

Why must health care workers be aware of changes

Remain compitant, provide safe and ethical care

What are some current trends in health care

Cost containment, home health care, technology influence, social shifts

what is cost containment

controlling rising health care costs while achieving maximum benefit

what was the affordable care act passed

Everyone needs to have health insurance

what are the 4 parts of the affordable care act

Health insurance companies have to accept more people, Everyone must pay for insurance or they would be penalized, The government will give money to those who cannot afford it, insurances must have farrier rules

what is the goal of the ACA

More people with insurance, cut down medicine costs

What are 4 technological advances that add to the cost of health care

organ transplants, artifical hearts, computers for examining internal body parts, advanced technology prolongs life increasing need for lifelong care

how does aging population increase health care costs

Increased use of drugs, more chronic diseases, greater demand for healthcare services

what are health related lawsuits

Malpractice

what is defensive medicine

Physicians ordering unnecessary tests to avoid lawsuits

what are the consequences of high costs

limitng services to those who can pay reducing access for those who cant

what is a diagnostic related group

congressinal attempt to control medicare/medicare costs

what are hospital aquired conditions

Conditions contracted while a patient is under care in a hospital

what is medicare

Care for the elderly payed for by the government

What is fee for service

payment per service (each time you go to the doctor)

What is value based care

Paying one time for multiple visits, only for one condition

What are HMOs and PPOs

HMO- Primary doctor, cheaper, less freedom PPO-Prefferd doctor, more freedom,

What is the combination of servivces

Combination of services to avoid having to visit multiple locations and reduce costs

What are outpatient services

Reciving care without hospital admission

What is mass/bulk purchasing

Buying large quantities for a lower cost

What are early intervention/prevention services

Preventing an illness before it starts to reduce costs

What is energy consevation

Monitor energy used and reduce it to lower costs

What is the agency for health care research and quality

established to improve quality, accessibility, equity, and affordability of care

what is the healthcare workers role

Maintain quality while minimizing waste

What is the healthcare consumers role

take responsibility, know options, prevent illness

What is home health care

Health care taking place in a patients home

What are the advantages of home health care

lower cost than hospital stays, familiar enviornment, promotes independence and recovery

What is the definition of geriatric care?

Care for older people

What is the goal of geriatric care

Meet physical social and emotional needs of older adults

what two factors contribute to the growth of geriatric care

longer life expectancy, baby boom generation aging

what are four examples of geriatric care facilities or services

adult day care center, retirement communities, assisted living facilities, long-term care facilities

what is telemedicine

Virtual doctor appointments over video calls

what are two methods of telemedicine

interactive video conferencing, transmission of mecial images

What are the benefits of telemedicine

increased access of medical care to people in rural areas, quicker, decreased need for patient travel

What are three applications of telemedicine

remote monitoring, follow-up appointments, emergency services support

define wellness

state of optimum health balenced relationship between physical mental and social well being

what are five different types of wellness

physical, emotional, social, mental/intellectual, spiritual

what is the definition of CAM

health care pratices not traditionally performed in conventional medicine often combined with standard treatments

what are six examples of CAM therapies

anchient Indian philosophy, Chinese medicine, chiropractors, homeopaths, hypnotherapies, naturopaths

What is pandemic preparedness

disease spread across countries

what are two historical examples of pandemics

1918 influenza, covid-19 pandemic

what is biotechnology

use of genetic and biochemical processes to develop products and technologies in healthcare

What are the potential benefits of biotechnology

more effective treatments, personalized medicine for genetic profiles,

What are the 4 different types of hospitals

General, specialized, government funded, university hospital

What are long term care facilities

Care facilities for elderly individuals and people with chronic illnesses or disabilities

What are the different types of long term care facilities

Nursing homes, assisted living centers, independent living communities

What services are provided at long term care facilities

personal care, meals, basic medical care, social support

what are medical offices

provide exams diagnosis treatment and sometimes minor surgeries

what is concierge medicine 

more personalized care for a monthly or yearly fee

what are dental offices

provide care related to oral health

what are clinics

Smaller hospitals in accessible locations

what do clinics include

surgical, urgent care, rehab, or a specialty

what are optical centers

provide eye exams prescriptions and screenings for eye diseases

what are emergency care services

offer imideate care for accidents or sudden illnesses

what do emergency care services include

ambulance services, ER departments, helicopter transport, urgent care clinics

what are laboratories

preform diagnostic tests

what is a hospice

provides care for patients with life expectancy under 6 months

what are mental health facilities

provide care for mental illnes emotional disorders and substance abuse

what are genetic counseling centers

help patients understand and adapt to genetic conditions

what are rehabilitation centers

help patients recover and regain independence after illness or injury

what do rehabilitation centers include

physical therapy, occupational therapy, speech therapy, recreational therapy

what do HMOs emphasize

preventive care including exams treatment and hospital services

what are industrial health centers 

health centers located in large workplaces or industries

what do industrial health centers provide

basic medical care, health screenings, emergency care, safety education

what are school health services

medical facilities found in schools and collages

what is the world health organization

international disease monitoring and global health info

what is the US department of health and human services

overseas national health programs

what is the NIH

supports medical research

what is the CDC

prevents and controls disease outbreak 

what is the FDA

regulates food drugs and medical devices

what is the AHRQ

improves health care quality and efficiency

what is OSHA

enforces workplace caftey

What is ONC

Office of National coordinator for health information technology

What are state and local health departments

provide immunizations inspections and education

What is a voluntary and non profit agency

Health agencies funded through donations fundraisers and grants

What are three things associated with the cost of health care

Major concerns, health care costs are over 17% of the gross national product, costs increasing faster then other living costs 

what is health insurance

a system that helps pay for health care expenses through a monthly and yearly fee

what is a premium

fee to insurance company

what is coverage

company pays for covered medical services

what is a deductible

amount paid by patient before insurance pays

what is coinsurance

specific percentages shared by individual and insurance

what is co-payment 

A flat fee per service, negotiated by doctor and insurance 

what are different sources of insurance

employer based plans, private policies

what are the advantages of a HMO

Less expensive

what are the disadvantages of a HMO

less freedom, more effort