Cell Biology and Homeostasis Flashcards

Vocabulary flashcards generated from lecture notes covering cell organelles, cell classification, cell membrane structure, and mechanisms of homeostasis.

Homeostasis

The balance regulation of a healthy state in cells, tissues, and organisms.

Prokaryotic Cell

A type of cell with no nucleus, with bacteria given as an example.

Eukaryotic Cell

A type of cell containing a true nucleus, with plants and animals given as examples.

Cell Membrane

A selectively permeable layer described as a gate-keeper that allows certain substances to enter or exit.

Phospholipid Bilayer Head

The hydrophilic head region of the cell membrane's phospholipid bilayer.

Phospholipid Bilayer Tail

The hydrophobic tail region of the cell membrane's phospholipid bilayer.

Rough ER

An organelle involved in protein synthesis and export that folds protein with ribosomes.

Golgi Apparatus

An organelle that packages, modifies, and sorts proteins for export.

Mitochondria

An organelle responsible for energy balance and metabolism that generates ATP energy.

Chloroplast

A plant cell organelle that synthesizes glucose for energy balance and metabolism.

Importance of Homeostasis

Controls key physiological balances including body temperature, blood pressure, water levels, glucose/sugar levels, and defense against germs.