psych unit 11 mods 60-64

intelligence

ability to learn from experiences, solve problems, use knowledge to adapt to situations

Spearman’s general intelligence

basic intelligence predicts abilities in academic areas; underlies all mental abilities and measured by every task on intelligence test and predicts performance on complex tasks/jobs

Gardner

identified 8 independent intelligences that include broad range of skills beyond traditional school smarts

factor analysis

statistical procedure that identifies clusters of related items

savant syndrome

person’s limited mental ability has exceptional specific skill

Sternberg’s triarchic theory

analytical, creative, practical intelligence

analytical intelligence

assessed by intelligence tests

creative intelligence

ability to adapt to new situations and generate novel ideas

practical intelligence

required for everyday tasks that may be poorly defined and have multiple situations

emotional intelligence

ability to perceive, understand, manage, use emotions

Thurstone’s primary mental abilities

intelligence may be broken down into 7 factors

intelligence test

assesses mental aptitude; must be standardized, reliable, valid

reliability

extent a test yields consistent results

content validity

test samples behaviors of interest

predictive validity

the success at which test predicts behavior

achievement test

reflect what you have learned

aptitude test

predict ability to learn new skill

Stanford-Binet

intelligence test

mental age

level of performance typically associated with certain chronological age

intelligence quotient

mental age divided by chronological age and multiplied by 100

Wechsler adult intelligence scale

intelligence test that provides scores for verbal comprehension, perceptual organization, working memory, processing speed

standardization

defining uniform testing procedures and meaningful scores by comparison with performance of pretested group

normal curve

bell shaped curve that describes distribution of physical/psychological attributes; mean, medium, mode all same at center

cohort

group of people sharing common characteristics

crystallized intelligence

accumulated knowledge and verbal skills; increases with age

fluid intelligence

ability to reason speedily and abstractly; decreases with age

cross-sectional research

compare people of different ages at same time

longitudinal study

follow and retest same people over time

intellectual disability

condition of limited mental ability indicated by IQ of 70- and difficulty adapting to life’s demands

down syndrome

condition of mild to severe intellectual disability and associated physical disorders caused by extra copy of chromosome 21

heritability

proportion of variation among individuals in a group that can be attributed to genes; varies depending on populations/environments studied

stereotype threat

self-confirming concern that one will be evaluated based on negative stereotype