Botany | Plant Kingdom Intro; Bryophytes and Seedless Tracheophytes | Dr. Sara Browning |

Chlorophyll a, b; beta-carotene

Kingdom Plantae

Photosynthetic pigments:

Alternation of generations life cycle

Kingdom Plantae

Life cycle:

Store starch

Kingdom Plantae

storage:

Cuticle, stomata, vascular tissue

Kingdom Plantae

Adaptation for terrestrial life:

Embryophytes

Kingdom Plantae

___- develop from multicellular embryoes

None

Bryophytes

Trends: Vascular Tissue?

Present

Seedless Tracheophytes

Trends: Vascular Tissue?

Present; xylem vessels rare

Gymnosperms

Trends: Vascular Tissue?

Present; xylem vessels present

Angiosperms

Trends: Vascular Tissue?

Not free living

Sporangium only

Bryophytes

Trends: Sporophyte (2N)

Dominant and conspicuous

Seedless Tracheophytes

Trends: Sporophyte (2N)

Dominant and conspicuous

Gymnosperms

Trends: Sporophyte (2N)

Dominant and conspicuous

Angiosperms

Trends: Sporophyte (2N)

Dominant and conspicuous

Bryophytes

Trends: Gametophyte (1N)

Free-living but reduced and inconspicuous

Seedless Tracheophytes

Trends: Gametophyte (1N)

Fern Gametophytes

Female: Not free living; only a few 1000's cells

Male: Pollen grain

Gymnosperm

Trends: Gametophyte (1N)

Female: Not free living; only seven cells

Male: Pollen grain

Angiosperms

Trends: Gametophyte (1N)

Female: Archegonia

Male: Antheridia

Bryophytes

Trends: Gametangia (sex organs)

Both

Seedless Tracheophytes

Trends: Gametangia (sex organs)

Archegonia only

Gymnosperms

Trends: Gametangia (sex organs)

Neither

Angiosperms

Trends: Gametangia (sex organs)

Yes

Bryophytes

Trends: Water required for fertilization?

Yes

Seedless Tracheophytes

Trends: Water required for fertilization?

No

Gymnosperms

Trends: Water required for fertilization?

No

Angiosperms

Trends: Water required for fertilization?

Yes

Bryophytes

Trends: Sperm flagellated?

Yes

Seedless Tracheophytes

Trends: Sperm flagellated?

Only a few species

Gymnosperms

Trends: Sperm flagellated?

No

Angiosperms

Trends: Sperm flagellated?

Homosporous

Bryophytes

Trends: Spore type

Homosporous or heterosporous

Seedless Tracheophytes

Trends: Spore type

Heterosporous

Gymnosperms

Trends: Spore type

Heterosporous

Angiosperms

Trends: Spore type

Homosporous

Referring to a plant species that has a single kind of spore, which typically develops into a bisexual gametophyte.

Heterosporous

A term referring to a plant species that has two kinds of spores: microspores that develop into male gametophytes and megaspores that develop into female gametophytes.

Cone or strobilus

Group of sporophylls is a or

Bryophytes

Mosses, Liverworts, Hornworts

Mosses

soft, small, green and nonvascular and are found on the ground near water

Acrocarpous

having the reproductive organ at the end of the primary axis

Pleurocarpous

in mosses, bearing the sporophyte on reduced lateral branches, correlated with lateral or creeping growth

Liverworts

a nonvascular plant that's shaped like a human liver. found growing as a thick crust on moist rocks or soil along the sides of a stream.

Primitive

Dichotomous branching is a _ trait

Hornworts

A small, herbaceous, nonvascular plant that is a member of the phylum Anthocerophyta.

splits open

Mature sporangium _ to release spores

Wetlands

Temperate rainforests

Tropical cloudforests

Severe habitats- no competition

Bryophyte Ecology

Sphagum (Peat) Bogs

Cover 1% of land

Peat used as fuel

Preserves pollen, human bodies, other objects

Carboniferous Period Forest

325 million years ago

Seedless Tracheophytes

Ferns and Relatives

Lycopodiophyta

Lycophytes- Phylum _

Leaves are microphylls- one vein; no leaf gap

Club Mosses

Phylum Lycopodiophyta

("Lycopodiums")

Spike Mosses

Phylum Lycopodiophyta

(Selaginella)

Quill Worts

Phylum Lycopodiophyta

(Isoetes)