APHUG Unit 2

Physical Factors

Environmental conditions like high temperatures in deserts that influence where people choose to live.

Human Factors

Cultural, economic, historical, and political aspects that attract people to move to certain places.

Arithmetic Density

Number of people divided by total area, a measure of population concentration.

Physiological Density

Number of people divided by arable land, higher in tropical regions and lower in polar regions.

Agricultural Density

Number of farmers divided by arable land, indicating the level of development in the demographic transition model.

Rapid Growth

Population pyramid with a triangular shape, indicating a country in early demographic transition with many children and fewer elders.

Slow Growth

Population pyramid with a rectangular shape, showing a country in later demographic transition with each cohort being similar in size.

Life Expectancy

Average lifespan of individuals in a population.

Total Fertility Rate

Average number of children each woman has in a country.

Crude Birth/Death Rate

Rate at which a population grows or declines per 1000 population.

Rate of Natural Increase

The difference between crude birth rate and crude death rate.

Doubling Time

Time taken for a population to double its size.

Dependency Ratio

Measure of the proportion of dependents (young and old) to the working-age population.

Malthusian Theory

Predicted population growth would outpace food production, now outdated due to technological advancements.

Cornucopian Theory

Belief that technology will support continued population growth, opposing Malthusian Theory.

Food Insecurity

Lack of reliable access to food.

Push Factors

Reasons that drive people away from a region.

Pull Factors

Factors that attract people to a region.

Forced Migration

Movement of people due to factors like war, leaving them no choice for safety.

Voluntary Migration

Movement by choice due to push factors.

Internally Displaced Person

Individuals forced to leave their homes but remain within their country.

Asylum Seeker

Person seeking safety in another country.

Transnational Migration

Movement between nations, often involving the preservation of cultural aspects.

Transhumance

Seasonal movement of livestock.

Internal Migration

Movement within a country, like from Florida to Georgia.

External/International Migration

Movement outside one's country.

Chain Migration

Migration for family reunification.

Step Migration

Movement through various locations before reaching a final destination.

Guest Workers

Individuals moving to another country for work, often sending remittances back home.

Urbanization

Shift from rural to urban areas.

Suburbanization

Movement from urban to suburban regions.

Counterurbanization

Movement from urban to rural areas.