ADP, ATP, Cellular Respiration (Glycolysis)

ATP (Adenosine Triphosphate)

Energy currency used by all organisms; It acts as a fuel for nearly all the metabolic reactions inside the cell; Organic molecule containing high energy Phosphate bonds.

It supplies you with energy.

What does ATP do for you?

By breaking the high-energy bonds between the last two phosphates in ATP.

How do we get energy from ATP?

Hydrolysis

Adding H2O

ATPase

Enzyme that breaks down substances

The reverse of the previous process occurs and another enzyme is used, ATP Synthetase.

How is ATP remade?

During a process called cellular respiration that takes place in both plants and animals

When is ATP made in the body?

Cellular Respiration

process by which the chemical energy of “food” molecules is released and partially captured in the form of ATP

oxidation and reduced

Glucose is _____ and Oxygen gas is _______

36 to 38 ATP

Breakdown of one glucose results in?

Oxidation-Reduction Process or REDOX Reaction

What type of process is cellular respiration?

Nicotinamide adenine dinucleotide

NAD+

NAD+

It acts as the energy carrier and is a coenzyme.

NADH

What does NAD+ reduce to when it picks up two electrons and one hydrogen ion?

Flavin adenine dinucleotide

FAD+

FADH₂

FAD+ is reduced to?

Glycolysis, Krebs Cycle, Electron Transport Chain

What are the stages of cellular respiration?

Cytoplasm

Glycolysis occurs where?

Matrix

Krebs Cycle occurs where?

Cristae

Electron Transport Chain occurs where?

• It takes place in the cytoplasm

• Anaerobic (does not require oxygen)

• Requires input of 2 ATP

• Glucose is split into two molecules of Pyruvate or Pyruvic Acid

• Produces 2 NADH and 4 ATP

• Pyruvate is oxidized to Acetyl CoA and CO2 is produced

Glycolysis Summary

2 ATP

Glycolysis requires input of?

two molecules of Pyruvate or Pyruvic Acid

Glucose is split into?

2 NADH and 4 ATP

Glycolysis produces?

Acetyl CoA and CO2 is produced

Pyruvate is oxidized to what and what is produced?