ADRn210PancreatitisPrint

Acute Pancreatitis

An acute inflammatory process of the pancreas.

Inflammation

The body's response to injury or infection, characterized by redness, swelling, heat, and pain.

Necrosis

The death of cells or tissues due to injury or disease.

Etiology

The cause or origin of a disease or condition.

Biliary tract disease

A condition that affects the bile ducts, gallbladder, or liver.

Gallbladder disease

A condition that affects the gallbladder, often caused by gallstones.

Alcoholism

A chronic disease characterized by an addiction to alcohol.

Trauma

Physical injury or wound caused by an external force.

Viral infections

Infections caused by viruses, such as mumps or HIV.

Autodigestion

The process in which the body's own enzymes break down its tissues.

Pancreatic enzymes

Enzymes produced by the pancreas that help with digestion.

Digestive enzymes

Enzymes that break down food into smaller molecules for absorption and digestion.

Abdominal pain

Pain in the abdomen, often a symptom of pancreatitis.

Left upper quadrant

The area of the abdomen located on the left side, above the belly button.

Midepigastrium

The middle part of the upper abdomen.

Flushing

A sudden reddening of the skin, often accompanied by a warm sensation.

Cyanosis

A bluish discoloration of the skin or mucous membranes due to lack of oxygen.

Dyspnea

Difficulty or discomfort in breathing.

Pseudocyst

A cavity filled with necrotic products and liquid secretions, often found outside the pancreas.

Abscess

A localized collection of pus within tissues, often caused by infection.

Palpable

Able to be felt or touched.

Anorexia

Loss of appetite or lack of desire to eat.

Serum amylase

An enzyme found in the blood that helps break down carbohydrates.

Peritonitis

Inflammation of the peritoneum, the lining of the abdominal cavity.

Pancreatic abscess

A complication of acute pancreatitis characterized by the formation of an abscess in the pancreas.

High fever

A symptom of pancreatic abscess, characterized by an elevated body temperature.

Leukocytosis

An abnormal increase in the number of white blood cells, often seen in cases of pancreatic abscess.

Surgical drainage

A procedure to remove the accumulated pus or fluid from a pancreatic abscess.

Pulmonary complications

Complications of acute pancreatitis that affect the lungs.

Pleural effusion

The accumulation of fluid in the pleural cavity, often seen in cases of acute pancreatitis.

Atelectasis

The collapse or partial collapse of a lung, often seen in cases of acute pancreatitis.

Cardiovascular complications

Complications of acute pancreatitis that affect the heart and blood vessels.

Hypotension

Abnormally low blood pressure, often seen in cases of acute pancreatitis.

Tetany

A condition characterized by muscle spasms and twitching, often caused by low levels of calcium in the blood, which can occur in acute pancreatitis.

Serum amylase

A laboratory test that measures the levels of amylase enzyme in the blood, often used to diagnose acute pancreatitis.

Serum lipase

A laboratory test that measures the levels of lipase enzyme in the blood, often used to diagnose acute pancreatitis.

Blood glucose

A laboratory test that measures the levels of glucose in the blood, often used to monitor blood sugar levels in patients with acute pancreatitis.

Serum calcium

A laboratory test that measures the levels of calcium in the blood, often used to monitor calcium levels in patients with acute pancreatitis.

Triglycerides

A type of fat found in the blood, often measured in patients with acute pancreatitis as elevated levels can be a sign of the condition.

CBC

Complete Blood Count, a blood test that provides information about the different types of cells in the blood, often used to assess the severity of acute pancreatitis.

Flat plate of abdomen

An X-ray image of the abdomen, often used to assess the presence of abnormalities in the pancreas in cases of acute pancreatitis.

Abdominal/endoscopic ultrasound

A diagnostic imaging technique that uses sound waves to create images of the abdomen, often used to assess the pancreas in cases of acute pancreatitis.

Endoscopic retrograde cholangiopancreatography (ERCP)

A procedure that combines endoscopy and X-ray imaging to diagnose and treat conditions of the bile ducts and pancreas, often used in cases of acute pancreatitis.

Chest x-ray

An X-ray image of the chest, often used to assess the presence of lung complications in cases of acute pancreatitis.

CT of pancreas

A computed tomography scan that provides detailed images of the pancreas, often used to assess the severity of acute pancreatitis.

Magnetic resonance cholangiopancreatography (MRCP)

A non-invasive imaging technique that uses magnetic resonance imaging (MRI) to visualize the bile ducts and pancreas, often used in cases of acute pancreatitis.

Relief of pain

An objective of collaborative care for acute pancreatitis, aiming to alleviate the patient's pain.

Prevention or alleviation of shock

An objective of collaborative care for acute pancreatitis, aiming to prevent or treat shock, a life-threatening condition that can occur in severe cases.

↓ of pancreatic secretions

An objective of collaborative care for acute pancreatitis, aiming to reduce the production of pancreatic enzymes and secretions to allow the pancreas to heal.

Fluid/electrolyte balance

An objective of collaborative care for acute pancreatitis, aiming to maintain a proper balance of fluids and electrolytes in the body.

Removal of the precipitating cause

An objective of collaborative care for acute pancreatitis, aiming to identify and eliminate the underlying cause of the condition.

Conservative therapy

A type of treatment for acute pancreatitis that focuses on supportive care and minimizing complications.

Supportive care

Care provided to patients with acute pancreatitis to help manage symptoms and prevent complications.

Shock

A life-threatening condition characterized by a severe drop in blood pressure, often requiring immediate medical intervention in cases of acute pancreatitis.

Plasma or plasma volume expanders

Fluids or substances used to increase the volume of blood plasma in cases of shock associated with acute pancreatitis.

Lactated Ringer's solution

A type of intravenous fluid used to restore fluid and electrolyte balance in cases of acute pancreatitis.

Suppression of pancreatic enzymes

A part of conservative therapy for acute pancreatitis, involving measures such as fasting (NPO) and nasogastric (NG) suction to reduce the production and release of pancreatic enzymes.

NPO

Nil per os, a medical abbreviation meaning nothing by mouth, often used in cases of acute pancreatitis to allow the pancreas to rest.

ERCP

Endoscopic retrograde cholangiopancreatography, a procedure used to diagnose and treat conditions of the bile ducts and pancreas, often performed in cases of acute pancreatitis.

Nutritional therapy

A part of collaborative care for acute pancreatitis, involving the management of the patient's diet to support healing and prevent complications.

IV lipids

Intravenous administration of lipid emulsions, often used to provide nutrition to patients with acute pancreatitis who are unable to eat orally.

Small, frequent feedings

A dietary approach for patients with acute pancreatitis, involving consuming small meals or snacks throughout the day to reduce the workload on the pancreas.

Abnormal laboratory findings

Findings in laboratory tests that deviate from the normal range, often seen in cases of acute pancreatitis.

Acute pain

A nursing diagnosis for patients with acute pancreatitis, related to inflammation and tissue damage in the pancreas.

Deficient fluid volume

A nursing diagnosis for patients with acute pancreatitis, related to fluid loss and inadequate intake.

Monitor vital signs

A nursing intervention for patients with acute pancreatitis, involving regular assessment of blood pressure, heart rate, respiratory rate, and temperature.

IV fluids

Intravenous administration of fluids, often used to maintain hydration and electrolyte balance in patients with acute pancreatitis.

Monitor for signs of hypocalcemia

A nursing intervention for patients with acute pancreatitis, involving regular assessment for symptoms of low calcium levels, such as muscle spasms and numbness.

Positive Trousseau and Chvostek signs

Clinical signs indicating hypocalcemia, characterized by carpal spasm and facial muscle twitching respectively.

Acute Pancreatitis

Sudden inflammation of the pancreas.

NG tube care

Care and management of a nasogastric tube.

Frequent oral/nasal care

Regular cleaning and maintenance of the mouth and nose.

Signs of infection

Indicators that an infection may be present, such as fever, redness, swelling, or pus.

Wound care

Treatment and management of a wound to promote healing and prevent infection.

Paralytic ileus

A condition where the intestines are unable to contract and move food through the digestive system.

Renal failure

The loss of kidney function, resulting in the inability to filter waste products from the blood.

Mental changes

Alterations in cognitive function or behavior.

Ambulatory and home care

Care provided to patients outside of a hospital setting, typically in their own homes.

Physical therapy

Rehabilitation and treatment through exercises and physical techniques.

Counseling regarding abstinence from alcohol, caffeine, and smoking

Providing guidance and support to help individuals abstain from alcohol, caffeine, and smoking.

Assessment of narcotic addiction

Evaluating and determining the presence of addiction to narcotics.

Dietary teaching

Educating patients about proper nutrition and dietary choices.

High-carbohydrate, low-fat diet

A diet that is high in carbohydrates and low in fat.

Patient/family teaching

Educating patients and their families about their condition and how to manage it.

Infection

The invasion and multiplication of microorganisms in the body, leading to illness.

High blood glucose

Elevated levels of glucose (sugar) in the blood.

Steatorrhea

The presence of excess fat in the stool, resulting in greasy and foul-smelling bowel movements.

Medications/diet

The use of medications and dietary modifications as part of the treatment plan.

Expected outcomes

The anticipated results or goals of a treatment or intervention.

Maintains adequate fluid volume

Ensuring that the body has enough fluids to function properly.

Maintains weight appropriate for height

Achieving and maintaining a healthy weight relative to one's height.

Food and fluid intake adequate to meet nutritional needs

Consuming enough food and fluids to meet the body's nutritional requirements.

Describes therapeutic regimen

Ability to explain and understand the prescribed treatment plan.

Expresses commitment to lifestyle changes

Demonstrating a willingness and dedication to making necessary changes in one's lifestyle.

Chronic Pancreatitis

Continuous, prolonged inflammation and fibrosis of the pancreas.

Continuous, prolonged inflammatory, and fibrosing process of the pancreas

A description of the pathophysiology of chronic pancreatitis.

Pancreas becomes destroyed as it is replaced by fibrotic tissue

The progressive destruction of the pancreas, leading to the formation of fibrotic tissue.

Strictures and calcifications can also occur

Narrowing and hardening of the pancreatic ducts can develop.

Chronic obstructive pancreatitis

A type of chronic pancreatitis characterized by obstruction of the pancreatic ducts.

Chronic calcifying pancreatitis

A type of chronic pancreatitis characterized by the formation of calcifications in the pancreas.