Alexander III

When did Alexander III ascend to the throne?

after assassination of his father in 1881

Who was Alexander III educated by?

Konstantin Pobedonostsev

Who was Konstantin Pobedonostsev?

tutor of Alexander III, procurator of the Holy Synod

What kind of education did Alexander III have?

conservative education

What kind of personality did Alexander III have?

austere personality

What training did Alexander III have?

military training

Who did Alexander III marry?

Danish Princess Dagmar named Maria Feodorovna

How many children did Alexander III and his wife have?

6 children

What was unique about Alexander III and his family?

he was a great family man, and father, did not have affairs

In Alexander III’s reign he adhered to what 3 conservative principles?

autocracy (absolute monarchy), orthodoxy, nationalism; true Russian patriot and Slavophile

In 1887 there was an assassination attempt on Alexander III by who?

radical revolutionaries, Alexander Ulyanov, Lenin’s elder brother who was later executed

How did Alexander III die?

died on 1888 tour of Russia in a train wreck that caused injury to his kidney that later caused his sudden death in 1894

What conservative policies dod Alexander III do?

dissolved Narodnaya Volya, abandoned his father’s plans for limited monarchy, increased censorship of press, tightened police control, reversed some of Alexander II’s judicial reforms, established gov control over local self gov, conducted cautious foreign policy

What are some socio-political developments that occurred under Alexander III?

Slavophiles vs Westernizers debate, discriminatory laws against jews and dissenting Christian sects, growth of revolutionary groups and parties (Marxist ideas in Russia)

What is the Slavophiles vs Westernizers debate?

A cultural and political disagreement in 19th-century Russia regarding the direction of the country, where Slavophiles advocated for Russian traditions and orthodoxy while Westernizers promoted adoption of Western ideas and reforms

What did Westernizers believe?

believe Russia belongs to the West and is with Europe

What did the Slavophiles believe?

Russia ia unique in the world because it is both European and Asian

Alexander I was liberal or conservative?

liberal

Nicholas I was liberal or conseravtive?

conservative

Alexander II was liberal or conservative?

liberal

Alexander III was liberal or conservative?

conservative

How was economic life under Alexander III?

strict accounting in state finances, growth of trade and industry, expansion of railway construction, 1891 famine caused by lack of harvests

Describe the 1891 famine under Alexander III

famine caused by lack of harvests, gradual worsening of agricultural production at the expense of rapid industrial development, peasants left the rural life and moved to the cities