anatomy LTs 5-9 UNIT 1

tbc

what is homeostasis

when your body maintains a stable/constant environment internally.

what are feedback control loops

self-regulating control mechanisms in the human body.

what is the set point

the ideal normal value of the variable.

like set point of body temp: 98.6 degrees F

normal range

the variation from the set point (high or low) = produces a range of values around the set point.

receptor (sensor)

detects change in the internal or external enviorment

control center

receives info from the sensor and initiates response to maintain homeostasis

effector

any organ/tissue that receives an alert and acts to bring changes to maintain homeostasis

receptor

detects the change (stimuli)

input

info travels from receptor to control center.

output

info sent from the control center travels to the effector

response

generated by the effector to either bring body back to normal range (negative feedback) or deviate further from normal (positive feedback)

negative feedback (2 things)

1) returns body to homeostasis

2) goes in opposite direction of stimuli

positive feedback (2 things)

1) goes away from homeostasis

2) goes in same direction as stimuli

what is anatomical position

a person standing erect, facing forward, upper limbs hanging to the sides, and palms facing forward

supine

a body lying faced upwards

prone

a body lying faced down

frontal

forehead

orbital

eye

nasal

nose

oral

mouth

cervical

right under chin; on ur throat

pectoral

chest

sternal

breastbone (right between the two)

mammary

breast

abdominal

stomach/abdomen

umbilical

navel/belly button

pelvic

pelvis

inguinal

groin

pubic

genital

otic

ear

buccial

cheek

mental

chin

clavicular

collarbone

axillary

armpit

brachial

upper arm

antecubital

front of elbow

antebrachial

forearm/lower arm

throacic

trunk of body

carpal

wrist

palmar

palm

digital

fingers

coxal

hip

femoral

thigh

patellar

kneecap

talus

ankle

pedal

foot

occipital

base of skull

nunchal

back of neck

cranial

skull

scapular

shoulder blade

vertebral

spinal column

lumbar

lower back

dorsal

back

sacral

between hips

gluteal

buttock

perineal

perineum/bottom of butt

acromial

point of shoulder

olecranon

point of elbow

dorsum

back of hand

popliteal

back of knee

sural

calf

plantar

sole of foot

calcaneal

heel

superior

above

inferior

below

anterior

infront

posterior

behind

cephalic

closer to head than another sturcture

caudal

closer to tail than another sturcture

ventral

towards belly

dorsal

towards back

proximal

closer to point of attachment

distal

farther from the point of attachment

lateral

away from midline

medial

towards the midline

superficial

towards/on the surface

deep

away from surface; internal

Superior Mediastinum

thing above heart

thoracic cavity

upper part of your body when looking at it from the side

popliteal

back of knee

plureal

lungs

pericardial cavity

heart

sagittal plane

splits body left and right

transverse plane

splits body up and down

coronal plane

splits body front and back