Nationalism and Unifications Test - SHORT ANSWERS

Causes of the Crimean War

• Russia’s desire to expand South into the Balkans and get control of the Straits

• Great Britain and France wanted to stop Russia from gaining control of the Balkans

Causes of the Danish War

• Denmark annexing S-H

Causes of the Austro-Prussian War

• S-H

• Fighting for control

Causes of the Franco-Prussian War

• Fighting over Spanish succession

• Who is the most powerful in Europe

• Fighting over the telegram

Effects of the Crimean War

• Romania and Serbia gain independence

• Ottoman Empire is weak

• Russia is humiliated

• Illusion of peace

• Breaks up Austria and Russia

• Maintains Ottomans integrity

Effects of the Danish War

• Prussia and Austria split the territories, but almost immediately start to fight

• Causes Austro-Prussian War

Effects of the Austro-Prussian War

• The German Confederation is dissolved

• Ends Austrian influence in Germany - old Southern half (the former Austrian portion) is given its independence

• Results in the Ausgleich - creates the “dual monarchy” in Austria

• Prussia is now the dominant power in Germany and annexes the Northern half of the old German Confederation

Effects of the Franco-Prussian War

• France has to pay 5 billion Franks, Prussian army would stay in Northern France until debt paid in full

• France forced to sede the territories of Alsace a Loraine

• War a major blemish on French honor and Prestige - leaves them burning for revenge

• Treaty makes Germany a “permanent enemy” of France and shows the seeds for future conflicts

• Historians view taking of A-L major error in BIsmarck’s policy - one that would haunt Germany

Nationalism

a people’s devotion to their nation. It includes such feelings as patriotism, pride in culture, and in many cases, a desire for independence

Nation-State

Exists if a nation and a state have the same borders. Where the people, their government, and territory coincide.

Bonds of nationalism

• Culture

• Religion

• History

• Territory

• Language

• Nationality

Positive effects of Nationalism

• Unity

• Independence movements

• Stronger nation-states

Negative effects of nationalism

• Racism

• War

• Break up of Empires

Romanticism

Arts movement that had a deep interest in nature and the individual

Impressionism

Type of art that attempted to give the artist’s impression of a subject or moment in time

Realism

Movement in art that reflected the growing political importance of the working class in the 1850s