Studied by 0 people
Looks like no one added any tags here yet for you.
Ten reasons for the civil war
Columbian Exchange-led to the plantation system
Triangular Trade: slave trade
Constitution
KY and VA Resolutions
Industrialization
Tariffs (1828 and 1837)
Railroad, Erie Canal, Roads
Abolitionism
Britain abolished slavery
Two party system
States Rights
Lincoln’s Election
Compromise of 1850 & Missouri Compromise
Secession
Kansas Nebraska Act/ Bleeding Kansas
Nullification
Slavery on plantations
Slaves worked from sunup to sundown 6 days a week with unsustainable food and lived in small shacks with no furniture and dirt floor. Life on large plantations with a cruel overseer was often worse. Overseers were paid to get the most work out of the slaves and resorted to any means. There were also drivers, who were slaves themselves that got better privileges for managing the others. Drivers were usually hated by the rest of the slaves, often leading to violence.
Black codes
racially discriminatory laws that were passed in 1865 and 1866 in states that had been part of the Confederate States of America and that were enacted to maintain white supremacy. Made to enforce racial segregation and curtail the power of Black voters.
Temperance movement
A movement to limit drinking in the United States due to the belief that it caused domestic violence.
Carrie Nation
A radical member of the temperance movement known for destroying bars with a hatchet and advocating against domestic violence.
Dorothea Dix
A reformer and pioneer in the treatment of the mentally ill, responsible for improving conditions in jails, poorhouses, and insane asylums.
Seneca Falls Convention
A convention in 1848 where women and some men gathered to discuss women's rights and wrote the Declaration of Sentiments, advocating for women's suffrage. Key figures involved include Susan B. Anthony, Lucretia Mott, and Elizabeth Cady Stanton.
Cult of Domesticity
Outlines the societal role of women, emphasizing their role in the home and the expectation of being polite, taking care of the household, and being pure and pious.
Factories
Describes the early factories in the United States, including the first one built by Samuel Slater, the use of steam engines, and the working conditions.
Lowell Mills
Combined factory and town where women initially worked but were later replaced by immigrant workers.
Erie Canal
Revolutionized transportation and industry by allowing goods to be transported to many areas, connecting Albany and Buffalo, and facilitating trade between New York and the West.
Immigration before the Civil War
Describes the immigrants who came to the United States before the Civil War, including Chinese and Europeans, and how they were treated harshly and seen as inferior to white people.
Underground Railroad
A network of people and places that helped slaves escape to the North or Canada, involving conductors, stations, and station masters.
Harriet Tubman
Former slave and conductor of the Underground Railroad, also a spy during the Civil War.
Frederick Douglass
Black abolitionist who escaped slavery and fought for equal rights, known as the "father of the abolitionist movement."
William L
Leader of the American Anti-Slavery Society, advocated for immediate emancipation of slaves without compensation for slave owners.
Henry Box Brown
A slave who shipped himself in a box to the North to gain his freedom, highlighting the desperation of slaves.
Uncle Tom's Cabin
A book by Harriet Beecher Stowe that exposed the injustices of slavery and played a significant role in the anti-slavery movement.
Free-Soil Movement
An anti-slavery party that endorsed the Wilmot Proviso, which declared that slavery would not be allowed in any territories acquired from Mexico.
Brooks-Sumner fight
Refers to the physical altercation between Preston Brooks and Charles Sumner in response to Sumner's speech insulting slave owners and the South.
John Brown
Abolitionist who attempted to raid the arsenal at Harpers Ferry to arm slaves for a revolt, considered a martyr for the cause.
Manifest Destiny
The belief that America had a divine obligation to expand and spread its greatness, driven by religious fervor, economic motives, and a sense of American exceptionalism.
Bleeding Kansas
Conflict between pro-slavery and abolitionist forces over whether Kansas would be a free or slave state.
Nat Turner
Leader of a slave rebellion in Virginia, leading a slave army and killing white people on plantations.
Crittenden Compromise
Unsuccessful proposal to permanently enshrine slavery in the constitution, aimed at calming tensions between the North and South.
Missouri Compromise
Balanced the number of free and slave states by admitting Missouri as a slave state and Maine as a free state, also prohibited slavery in territories acquired from the Louisiana Purchase.
Compromise of 1850
A series of legislative measures aimed at resolving the territorial and slavery issues, including the admission of California as a free state and the Fugitive Slave Act.
Fugitive Slave Act
Allowed slave catchers to kidnap free black people in northern states, denied fugitives a jury trial, and imposed penalties on citizens who refused to assist in capturing runaways.
Dred Scott case
Legal case in which Dred Scott, a slave, sued for his freedom
Battle of Gettysburg
A four-day battle between the Confederacy and Union forces, where the Confederates initially forced the Union to move into a stronger high ground position, but ultimately suffered heavy losses and retreated.
Fall of Vicksburg
The Union forces sieged the Confederate army in Vicksburg, Mississippi for forty-seven days, leading to the surrender of the Confederates due to starvation. This was a turning point as it allowed the Union to gain control of the town and split the Confederacy into two parts.
Peninsula Campaign
An unsuccessful campaign led by McClellan, where the Union attempted to take the Confederate capital of Richmond by marching up the Virginia Peninsula.
Andersonville Prison
A prison located in Andersonville, Georgia, where Union troops were held under Confederate arrest. The terrible conditions in the prison, including starvation and disease, led to the death of thousands of prisoners.
European support (Britain)
The South tried to gain support from foreign countries, particularly Britain and France, due to their reliance on Southern agricultural resources. However, these countries resisted the South's efforts and did not get involved in the war.
Use of the camera in the war
The invention of the camera allowed citizens to document the aftermath of battles and capture the conditions of war, including death and destruction.
Sherman's march to the sea
After destroying Atlanta, General Sherman led a destructive march through the rest of Georgia, aiming to break the spirit of the Southern population and destroy everything in his path.
Iron Clad
Ships in the Civil War were covered with iron, such as the Union's Monitor and the Confederate's Merrimack, leading to significant advancements in naval warfare.
Telegram
Invented by Samuel Morse, the telegram was used for real-time communication, allowing the president to direct the army during the war.
Women during the war
Women played various roles during the war, including disguising themselves as men to fight, serving as spies, working as nurses and aids for the injured, and supporting the armies by cooking meals, writing letters, and raising money and supplies.
African American soldiers
African Americans saw the war as an opportunity to be treated as equals and gained valuable skills. However, they were paid less than white soldiers and often had more dangerous jobs. Opportunities for advancement in the ranks were rare.
Civil war medicine
The lack of sterilization led to common diseases and infections among soldiers. Amputations were frequent, and prosthetics were used to combat the large number of amputees. Morphine and Opium were also available for pain relief.
Clara Barton
Known as the "Angel of the Battlefield," Clara Barton was the founder of the American Red Cross and provided excellent nursing care to wounded soldiers. She also played a crucial role in triage and sanitation of medical tools.
Richmond bread riots
The price of food in the South increased dramatically during the war, leading to riots, mostly by women, due to high inflation and the scarcity of affordable food.
Surrender at Appomattox Courthouse
Robert E. Lee surrendered to Grant at the Appomattox Courthouse, where the Confederate soldiers were allowed to keep their horses, received three days of rations, and were permitted to retain their side-arms. The surrender was peaceful, as Lee instructed his soldiers to go home and stop fighting.
Note 
Flashcard (24)