Pharmacology Ch. 4 Flashcards

Flashcards for DHG 250 Exam #2 Chapters 4-6 covering the Autonomic Nervous System.

Central Nervous System (CNS)

One of the two main divisions of the nervous system, including the brain and spinal cord.

Peripheral Nervous System (PNS)

One of the two main divisions of the nervous system, consisting of all the nerves outside the brain and spinal cord. Divided into the autonomic and somatic nervous systems.

Autonomic Nervous System (ANS)

The part of the PNS that controls involuntary functions such as blood pressure, heart rate, gastrointestinal motility, salivary gland secretions, and bronchial smooth muscles. Divided into the PANS and SANS.

Somatic Nervous System

The part of the PNS that controls voluntary movements of skeletal muscles.

Parasympathetic Nervous System (PANS)

The division of the autonomic nervous system associated with 'rest and digest' functions.

Sympathetic Nervous System (SANS)

The division of the autonomic nervous system associated with 'fight or flight' responses.

Afferent Sensory Fibers

Nerve fibers that carry sensory information from the body to the central nervous system.

Efferent Nerve Fibers

Nerve fibers that carry motor commands from the central nervous system to the body.

Preganglionic Nerves

Nerves originating from the brain/CNS that synapse at the autonomic ganglion.

Postganglionic Nerves

Nerves originating from the autonomic ganglion to the target organ.

Neurotransmitter in PANS (preganglionic and postganglionic)

Acetylcholine

Cholinergic

The term used to describe the PANS due to acetylcholine being the neurotransmitter.

Neurotransmitter in SANS (preganglionic)

Acetylcholine

Neurotransmitter in SANS (postganglionic)

Norepinephrine

Adrenergic

The term used to describe the SANS due to adrenaline/norepinephrine being released.

Miosis

Constriction of the pupil; an effect of the PANS.

Pilocarpine

A drug that increases salivation; a PANS agonist.

Atropine

A drug that decreases salivation; an anticholinergic drug.

SLUD

Acronym for PANS effects: Increased Salivation, Lacrimation, Urination, and Defecation.

SLUGBAM

Acronym for PANS effects: Increased Salivation, Sweating, Secretions, Lacrimation, Urination, GI Upset, Bradycardia/Bronchial constriction, Bowel movement, Abdominal cramps/Anorexia, Miosis.

Cholinergic, Parasympathomimetic, Muscarinic

Terms for PANS agonists.

Muscarinic and Nicotinic

The receptors for the PANS.

Mydriasis

Dilation of the pupil; an effect of the SANS.

Epinephrine

A potent vasoconstrictor. Can also be used as a vasodilator.

Sympathomimetics, Adrenergics, Beta Agonists, Alpha Agonists

Terms for SANS.

Alpha and Beta Receptors

The receptors for the SANS.

Beta 1 Receptors

Receptors primarily found in the heart.

Beta 2 Receptors

Receptors primarily found in the lungs.

Alpha Receptors

Generally cause constriction (vasoconstriction, pupil constriction, etc.).

Beta Receptors

Generally cause dilation (bronchodilation, vasodilation in certain muscles, etc.).