Chapter 11: Stress and Health

Eustress

________: the effect of positive events, or the optimal amount of stress that people need to promote health and well- being.

Escape

________ or Withdrawl: leaving the presence of a stressor, either literally or by a psychological withdrawal into fantasy, drug abuse, or apathy.

Catastrophe

________: an unpredictable, large- scale event that creates a tremendous need to adapt and adjust as well as overwhelming feelings of threat.

Optimists

________: people who expect positive outcomes 11.9 Social and Cultural Factors in Stress: People Who Need People.

Distress

________: the effect of unpleasant and undesirable stressors 11.2 Environmental Stressors: Lifes Ups and Downs.

Diabetes

Type 2 ________: disease typically occurring in middle adulthood when the body either becomes resistant to the effects of insulin or can no longer secrete enough insulin to maintain normal glucose levels.

Aggression

________: actions meant to harm or destroy; behavior intended to hurt or destroy another person.

Psychoneuroimmunology

________: the study of the effects of psychological factors such as stress, emotions, thoughts, and behavior on the immune system.

Problem

________- Focused Coping: coping strategies that try to eliminate the source of stress or reduce its impact through direct actions.

negative changes

Burnout: ________ in thoughts, emotions, and behavior as a result of prolonged stress or frustration, leading to feelings of exhaustion.

Primary Appraisal

________: the first step in assessing stress, which involves estimating the severity of a stressor and classifying it as either a threat or a challenge.

Emotion

________- Focused Coping: coping strategies that change the impact of a stressor by changing the emotional reaction to the stressor.

General Adaptation Syndrome

________ (GAS): the three stages of the bodys physiological reaction to stress, including alarm, resistance, and exhaustion 11.5 The Immune System and Stress.

Frustration

________: the psychological experience produced by the blocking of a desired goal or fulfillment of a perceived need.

Coronary Heart Disease

________ (CHD): the buildup of a waxy substance called plaque in the arteries of the heart.

Social Readjustment Rating Scale

________ (SRRS): assessment that measures the amount of stress in a persons life over a 1- year period resulting from major life events.

Hardy Personality

________: a person who seems to thrive on stress but lacks the anger and hostility of the Type A personality.

Concentrative Meditation

________: form of meditation in which a person focuses the mind on some repetitive or unchanging stimulus so that the mind can be cleared of disturbing thoughts and the body can experience relaxation 11.11 How Social Support Affects Coping.

Aggression

Displaced ________: taking out ones frustrations on some less threatening or more available target.