Criminology: Theories of Criminality

Flashcards based on various theories of criminality in criminology, focusing on biological, psychological, and sociological perspectives.

Criminals are physically different from __.

non-criminals.

According to Lombroso, criminals are __ to a primitive stage of evolution.

throwbacks

Research shows that __ somatype is most likely to be criminal.

Mesomorphic

Attracted to risk-taking, the __ physique and assertiveness are important assets in crime.

criminal's

Dropped-out children often form __ who have failed in both the legitimate and illegitimate opportunity structures.

retreatist subcultures

The __ theory suggests that personality is shaped through experiences and interactions with others.

Cognitive

Freud's concept of the __ mind includes id, ego, and superego.

unconscious

The __ explains how crime is often seen as a necessity against the capitalist structure.

Marxist

According to Merton, crime results from unequal access to society's goals, leading to __.

strain

Kohlberg's theory states that moral development occurs through a series of __ and stages.

levels

Right Realism argues that crime is a rational choice often influenced by __ differences.

biological

The process of __ involves learning norms and values from one's environment.

socialization

Utopia or ideal society can lead to the misconception of __ as a universal factor in criminality.

biological theories

Differential Association Theory states that crime results from __ in groups favoring lawbreaking.

imitation

Classifying differently among offenders creates __ enforcement in criminal justice.

selective