sol.

Solution

A homogeneous mixture with evenly distributed particles that do not settle out.

Solute

The substance being dissolved (e.g. salt, sugar).

Solvent

The substance doing the dissolving (e.g. water = 'universal solvent').

Soluble

Capable of dissolving.

Insoluble

Unable to dissolve.

Miscible

Two substances that can mix (same polarity).

Immiscible

Two substances that cannot mix (opposite polarity).

Solvation

The process of dissolving, where solvent surrounds and pulls apart solute particles.

Solubility

The max amount of solute that can dissolve in a specific amount of solvent at a set temperature.

Saturated

Contains the maximum solute that can dissolve at a specific temperature.

Unsaturated

Contains less solute than saturation — more solute can still dissolve.

Supersaturated

Contains more solute than normally possible — very unstable.

Molarity (M)

A measure of concentration (moles of solute per liter of solution).

Dilute

A solution with low concentration of solute.

Concentrated

A solution with a high concentration of solute.

Precipitate

An insoluble solid formed when two solutions react and one product does not dissolve.