sol.

Term

Definition

Solution

A homogeneous mixture with evenly distributed particles that do not settle out

Solute

The substance being dissolved (e.g. salt, sugar)

Solvent

The substance doing the dissolving (e.g. water = "universal solvent")

Soluble

Capable of dissolving

Insoluble

Unable to dissolve

Miscible

Two substances that can mix (same polarity)

Immiscible

Two substances that cannot mix (opposite polarity)

Solvation

The process of dissolving, where solvent surrounds and pulls apart solute particles

Solubility

The max amount of solute that can dissolve in a specific amount of solvent at a set temp

Saturated

Contains the maximum solute that can dissolve at a specific temperature

Unsaturated

Contains less solute than saturation — more solute can still dissolve

Supersaturated

Contains more solute than normally possible — very unstable

Molarity (M)

A measure of concentration (moles of solute per liter of solution)

Dilute

A solution with low concentration of solute

Concentrated

A solution with a high concentration of solute

Precipitate

An insoluble solid formed when two solutions react and one product does not dissolve