BBLec: Other Major and Minor Blood Group System

MNS Blood Group System

ISBT 002

ISBT Name and Number:

Antigens are located on glycophorins

Glycophorin A

Location of MN Antigens

Glycophorin B

Location of Ss Antigens

MNS Antigen

Used in Antibody Identification

M and N Antigens

MNS Antigen that is well developed at birth and easily destroyed by enzymes

S and s Antigens

MNS Antigen with antibodies less easily degraded by enzymes

IgM

Isotype of MN Antibodies

Acidification of serum to pH 6.5

Use of albumin diluent

Preincubation of RBC containing glucose

Anti-M and Anti-N Antibodies can be enhanced by:

Dosage

Anti-M and Anti-N Antibodies may show __ which tends to react weaker to heterozygous

Anti - M

MNS Antibodies commonly encountered in blood bank

Anti - N

MNS Antibodies used in paternity testing (reacts to Vicia graminea)

Anti - N

MNS Antibodies usually involved as Autoantibody

Autoanti - N (Anti - N)

Autoantibodies reported in hemodialysis patient in the past

Autoanti - N (Anti - N)

Caused by the used of formaldehydes to sterilized membranes which creates neoantigens

Alloanti - N

Alloantibodies that is a potent hemolysin - observed on patient who lack glycophorin B and has M+ N- S- s- phenotype

U-

Most common null phenotype in blacks with complete loss of glycophorin B

Henshaw Phenotype

Associated with U- null phenotype due to recombination of glycophorin B leading to weaker 'U' variant

En (a-)

Null phenotype resulting from recombination of glycophorin A and B genes

Plasmodium falciparum

E an A genes shows resistance to __ in vitro

MkMk

Null phenotype which lacks all MNS antigens due to recombination and deletion of Glycophorin A and B

Zeta potential

Glycophorins are associated with __ causes P. falciparum to adhere to sialic acid

Glycophorin A

Receptor for pyelonephritic E. coli

Glycophorin A and B

Receptors for P. falciparum

P Blood Group System

ISBT 003 (P1PK)

ISBT 028 (GLOB)

ISBT Name and Number:

Consists of:

2 Antigens: P1 and Pk

1 Antigen: P

P1 Antigens

Antigen of P Blood Group that is poorly expressed at birth and happens until 7 years old

Pk and P Antigens

Antigen of P Blood Group found on most donor RBCs

6% of RBC Lipid

Pk and P Antigens makes up __ total RBC lipid

Pk and P Antigens

Antigens found in plasma as glycosphingolipids and glycoproteins

Hydatid Cyst Fluid

Glycosphingolipids of Pk and P Antigens is associated with __

Parvovirus B19

Null and Weak Phenotype of P Blood Group is resistant to __ as they lack B antigens

IgM

Antibody isotype of Anti - P1

Anti - P1

P Antibodies that can bind complement and detected as weak, cold reactive saline agglutinin

Parasitic Infection (Hydatid Disease, Fascioliasis, Clonorchis sinensis, Opistorchis viverrini)

Bird Fancier Lungs

Titers of Anti - P1 are elevated in patients with:

Alloanti - PP1PK

Naturally occurring separable mixture of Anti - P, Anti - P1, and Anti - Pk

Anti - Tja

(Mr. Jay - Adenocarcinoma)

Alloanti - PP1PK is formerly known as

Alloanti - PP1PK

Naturally occurring 'P' Null phenotypes

IgM

IgM + IgG (IgG3)

Antibody isotype of Alloanti - PP1PK

IgM

Antibody isotype of Alloanti - P

Alloanti - P

P Antibody that is potent hemolysin associated with spontaneous abortion

Alloanti - P

P antibody that can demonstrate in vivo hemolysis when transfused with P (-) positive RBCs

Autoanti - P

Autoantibody with Anti - P Specificity associated with Paroxysmal Cold Hemoglobinuria

IgG

Antibody isotype of Autoanti - P

Autoanti - P

P Antibodies that is biphasic hemolysin

Donath Landsteiner Antibody

Autoanti - P is also known as:

Donath Landsteiner Test

Test to detect Anti - P

Alpha interferon

MHC II Receptors

Pk Antigens may be associated with:

P Blood Group

Plays a role in cellular differentiation and neoplasia

Pk Antigen

Marker for Apoptosis in the Germinal Center of B cell

Pk Antigen

Associated with Burkitt's Lymphoma and Lymphoblastic Leukemia

LKE or Luke Antigen

Marker for Embryonic and Mesenchymal Stem Cells

P Antigen

Receptor for Parvovirus B19

Pk Antigen

Can bind and resistant to HIV

Pk Antigen

Receptor for Streptococcus suis and Pseudomonas aeruginosa

P1 and Pk Antigen

Receptor for Shigatoxins and EHEC Strains

P, Pk, and LKE Antigens

Cell receptor for P (-) fimbriae, expressed in uropathogenic E. coli strains

Lutheran Blood Group System

ISBT 005

ISBT Name and Number:

Named after the donor's last name "Lutteran"

Lutheran Blood Group System

Contains 27 antigens that is poorly developed at birth and expressed at the age of 15

Anti - Lutheran

First discovered in the serum of SLE patient

Orthochromatic Erythroblast

At what stage of RBC does Lutheran appears on?

Lutheran B

Most common Lutheran Phenotype

Lutheran Blood Group System

Minor constituent of RBC membranes

Lu (a-b-)

True null phenotype of Lutheran BGS with complete absence of all Lutheran Antigens

Lu (a-b-)

Can make alloantibody to Lutheran glycoprotein (Anti - Lu3) which reacts with Lutheran positive RBCs

In [Lu]

Autosomal dominant null phenotype which increases the poikilocytosis and hemolysis during in vitro storage

Anti - Lu a

Most common Lutheran Antibody in the blood bank

Anti - Lu a

Lutheran antibody discovered in patients with SLE

IgM

Antibody isotype of Anti - Lu a

Ig G

Antibody isotype of Anti - Lu b

Anti - Lu b

Reacts best after Coombs or AHG test

Kell and KX Blood Group System

ISBT 006 and 019

ISBT Name and Number:

First BGS discovered through AHG Testing and identifies in 1945

Anti - K

Discovered in the serum of Mrs. Kelleher

Kell Blood Group System

2nd BGS after D in terms of Immunogenecity

Kell

Phenotype with 36 antigens found only in RBC that is well developed at birth, low in number but immunogenic

Kx

Phenotype with 1 antigen having XK gene as protein

K - Kell

Kpa - Penney

Jsa - Sutter

Low Prevalence Antigen of Kell Blood Group System

K - Cellano

Kpb - Rautenberg

Jsb - Matthews

High Prevalence Antigen of Kell Blood Group System

IgG

Antibody isotype of Kell

Kell Antibodies

Characterized with reticulocytopenia with little to no bilirubinemia

Kell Antibodies

Fetal genotyping can be performed on maternal plasma

Kell Antibodies

Associated with Neonatal Thrombocytopenia due to suppression of bone marrow megakaryocytes

Anti - K

Most common antibody against the Kell BGS

Anti - K

Associated with anti-Kell autoantibody from Septic patients and in autoimmune hemolytic anemia

KOkO

True null phenotype of Kell

KOkO

Null phenotype that makes alloantibodies to Kell glycoproteins

KOkO

Enhanced expression of KX present on XK protein

KOkO

Have no increased in carbon dioxide permeability

Kmod and Gerbich - negative RBCs

Increased Kx (KEL 15) expression and can develop an anti-KEL5 (anti-Ku) following RBC transfusion

McLeod RBCs

Significantly depressed / absent Kell antigens

McLeod RBCs

X-linked recessive phenotype characterized by absence of XK protein on RBCs

McLeod RBCs

Make alloantibodies directed against XK and Kell proteins

Mcleod Individuals

Individuals incompatible with both Kell (+) and KOKO RBCs

Kell

Cleaves endothelin - 3

Anti - Kell

Suppresses fetal erythropoiesis and has a possible role during erythroid differentiation and maturation

McLeod RBCs

RBCs that lack antigen of Kell

McLeod Syndrome

Associated with Hematologic neuromuscular abnormalities

Shortened RBC survival

Decreased water permeability

Acanthocytes RBCs

McLeod RBCs have:

Chronic Granulomatous Disease

McLeod Phenotype is associated with __ due to deletion or mutation of Cytochrome B gene on the X chromosome

Duffy Blood Group System

ISBT 008

ISBT Name and Number

Named after a multiply transfused hemophiliac who found to have anti-Fya

Fya

Fyb

Autosomal codominant antigen of Duffy

Fy3

Fy5

Fy6

High incidence antigen of Duffy