bing bop boom bop bing bop bam the typa cells im on you wouldnt understand

Formula for counting any manual chamber count

(average # cells counted × Dilution Factor ×10 ) ÷ (length x width × # squares counted)

Formula for counting OUR manual chamber count (assuming 0.2×0.2 squares, and reading five of them, and the DF that is some shit)

(average # RBCs counted in 5 cells) * 10000

percent difference equation for average # RBCs per 5 cells

(slide 1 count- slide 2 count)/ average (of slide 1 and 2). - if greater than 10 percent do not use this average, recount.

Uncorrected reticulocyte count formula

(Number of retics counted after 1000 rbcs)/ 10. This formula will give out a percentage, do not multiply by 100.

Corrected reticulocyte count

uncorrected RC × ( patient hematocrit (HCT) ÷ normal HCT ( 45 M and 42 F) )

Reticulocyte Production Index (RPI)

Corrected reticulocyte count ÷ 2. only use if a shift/stress is apparent in the RBC count

Absolute reticulocyte count

(Number of reticulocytes (uncorrected) × RBC count ) / 100. This value is the number of reticulocytes for every mm³ of blood

The rule of 3

RBC × 3 = HGB; HGB × 3 = HCT ± 3. Investigate calculations / tests if this is not the case.

Mean Corpuscular Volume (MCV)

( Hematocrit % × 10 ) / (RBC count)

Mean Corpuscular Hemoglobin

(Hemoglobin × 10) / RBC count

Mean corpuscular hemoglobin MCHC

hemoglobin × 100 / hematocrit

Reference Value - RBC Male

4.7 - 6.1 E6/mm³

Reference Value - RBC Female

4.2 - 5.4 E6/mm³

Reference Value - Hemoglobin Male

14-18 g/dL

Reference Value - Hemoglobin Female

12 - 16 g/dL

Reference Value - Hematocrit Male

42 - 54 %

Reference Value - Hematocrit Female

36 - 48 %

Reference Value - MCV

80-100 fL

Reference Value - MCH

27-31 pg

Reference Value - MCHC

32 - 36%

Reference Value - RDW

11.5 - 14.5 %

Reference Value - Retic count

0.5 - 1.5 %

Reference Value - Platelet Count

150,000 - 450,000/ mm³

anisocytosis

variation in RBC size (average size is 6-8 so too many oscillations can trigger this description

microcytes

RBCs smaller than 6 micromiters

macrocytes

RBCs larger than 8.5 - 9 micrometers

Acanthocytes - associated with alcoholics, liver disease, and abetalipoproteinemia

splat thing, ununiformily spaced protrustions

blister cells

RBC with hole

Burr cells/ echinocytes - dehydration, cancer of stomach, HUS, PUK, and other hemolytic anemias

uniformily spaced protrustions around RBC

Crenation - severe dehydration

More sharp spikes with 3d projections

Elliptocytes - hereditary elliptocytosis, variety of anemias

elongated cigar

Hemoglobin C crystals - Hemoglobin C disease (homozygous CC)

Bars of gold that are INTRACELLULARLY fitting into RBCs

Hemoglobin S-C crystals - 2 mutations on 6th position beta globulin chain

Mildly extracellular crystals that jut out of the cell in a (sometimes) mitten shape

Macro ovalocytes - megaloblastic anemia, Biz deficiency, pernicious anemia

More egg shaped that elliptocytes

round macrocytes - liver disease, reticulocytosis

still contains a central pallor, but very round and lacking dimples ( i think)

RBC clumps- antigen antibody reaction, cold agglutinin, sometimes other autoimmune diseases and some autoimmune hemolytic anemias

Visual clumps of RBCs visible at weaker power magnifications

Rouleaux - multiple myeloma, waldenstrom’s macroglobulinemia

Coining stacks of RBCs

Schistocytes - Burn pts, DIC, TTP, a hallmark of hemolytic anemia

bite shaped cells- kinda look like hats

sickle cells - sickle cell anemia and other heterozygous states in combo with sickle cell

Pointed or folded ends of RBC, often curved

Spherocytes - hereditary spherocytosis, other hemolytic anemias and conditions, burn patients, conditions with RBC inclusions, transfusion of old blood

Decreased cell volume and membrane with no central pallor

Stomatocytes - hereditary stomatocytosis, liver disease, Rh null disease

coin slot / mouth at center of cell. this cell is often indicative of a drying artifact rather than anything wrong with a patient.

Target cells - any hemoglobinopathies, hemoglobins disease, E disease, C disease, SC disease, liver disease, Thalassemias

looks like target, central pallor has an extra spot of hemoglobin in the center

Teardrop cells - megaloblastic anemia, myelofibroblasts with myeloid metaplasia

deardrop shaped

mixed cell populations - sideroblastic anemia, transfusion therapy

2 distincy RBC populations, bimodal RBC histogram

hypochromia - decreased MCHC

decrease in red color of an RBC

polychomasia

RBCs with more purplish colors are occurring frequently, often related to more retics

Basophilic stippling - altered RNA, lead poisoning, thalassemia

little eggs all around the RBC

Howell-Jolly bodies - nuclear remnants of DNA, sickle cell anemia, megaloblastic anemia, post splenectomy, other anemias

single spot of DNA remnants near the edge of the cell

pappenheimer bodies - clumped non heme iron, sideroblastic anemia, thalassemia, other hemolytic anemias

clumps / clusters in one area of the cell

Heinz bodies - thalassemia, G-6-PD deficiency, precipitated hemoglobin, HAVE TO USE SUPRAVITAL STAIN TO SEE

slightly extracellular singe spot at edge of cell

cabot rings - pernicious anemia, lead poisioning, mitotic spindle remnant

Looks kind of like an infinity sign or ring in the center of the cell

Malarial Parasites - Malaria!!!

little nose rings in the middle of cell ig