Biology Viruses and Bacteria

DNA or RNA surrounded by a protein coat.

What is the basic structure of a virus?

the host cell has specific receptors for the glycoproteins on the virus.

Animal viruses often infect only specific host cells because

store genetic information

What do viruses have in common with living cells? They both...

entering body cells and replicating.

Viruses cause infection by

true

The flu is caused by a virus.

False

Antibiotics kill viruses

lytic cycle

Which cycle of a virus is most destructive to the host?

virus attaches to the surface of a host cell

What is the first step of the virus reproduction cycle?

The viral genes become a part of the host cell DNA, so the cell continually makes more copies of the virus.

Which occurs during the lysogenic cycle of a virus infection?

coded in either RNA or DNA.

The instructions for making new copies of a virus are

capsid

What part of a virus is the protein capsule that houses the genetic material (DNA/RNA)?

capsid.

The outer protein coat of a virus is called a

lytic cycle

If Andy is feeling symptoms from a virus that he contracted, the virus must be in the

lysogenic

In which type of cell cycle(s) does viral DNA become integrated into the host cell's DNA?

Bacterial cells contain almost no cell organelle

How are bacterial cells different from plant and animal cells?

binary fission

a form of asexual reproduction in which one cell divides, forming two identical cells.

bacili

What shape are these bacteria?

endospore

a structure produced by prokaryotes, such as bacteria, in unfavorable conditions; a thick wall encloses the DNA and some of the cytoplasm.

antibiotics

Type of medicine used to kill bacterial infections.

spirilla

What shape are these bacteria?

true

Bacteria are single-celled microscopic organisms

pasteurization

a process of heating food to a temperature that is high enough to kill most harmful bacterial without changing the taste of the food.

Alexander Flemming

The scientist who discovered penicillin (a type of anitbiotic).

Your body couldn't break down certain types of food

What might happen if you didn't have bacteria in your digestive tract?

prokaryotic

Cells that lack membrane bound organelles such a nucleus are called

bacteria

single celled organism that lacks a nucleus

cocci

What shape are these bacteria?

Locomotion

What term best describes the function of flagella in bacteria?

flagellum

a long, whip-like structure that helps a cell to move.

true

Nitrogen fixing bacteria help put nutrients back into the soil and help plants grow.

Bacteria can be both harmful and helpful to humans

Which of the following is a true statement about bacteria?