A&P Lecture 1

[Select more than one answers]

Which of the followings are considered an example of "homeostasis"?

feels hungry when it's lunch time

body temperature fluctuates around 97-99 °F

heart rate increases while running

blood pressures decreases while sleeping

skin rash appears after eating seafood

body temperature fluctuates around 97-99 °F

heart rate increases while running

blood pressures decreases while sleeping

Homeostasis is defined as _____________________.

the maintenance of a relatively constant environment within the body

an amplification of deviation from the normal range

the production of energy by cells

the combination of growth, self-repair, and energy release

conditions in the body that do not involve fluctuation

the maintenance of a relatively constant environment within the body

(Type your answer in the box - lower case) ________ can be realized by observing the internal environment of the body. Because most of the body system parameters, such as body temperature and blood pressures, are maintained within physiological limits all the time.

homeostasis

Anatomy is ______________.

the study of homeostasis

the study of function

a branch of physiology

the study of living organisms

the study of structure

the study of structure

Microscopic examination of a frozen tissue specimen is an application of which of the following disciplines?

physiology

radiology

regional anatomy

histology

gross anatomy

histology

Feeling structures with your fingertips is called _________, whereas tapping on the body and listening for sounds of abnormalities is called ____________.

palpation; percussion

palpation; auscultation

percussion; palpation

auscultation; percussion

percussion; auscultation

palpation; percussion

________ is a subdiscipline of anatomy that studies the structures of specific regions of the body such as the head and neck, the upper limbs, etc.

Histology

Microscopic anatomy

Regional anatomy

Gross anatomy

Systemic anatomy

Regional anatomy

Sonography is a diagnostic medical procedure (aka ultrasound) is the best imaging technique for routinely examining the ___________ of a fetus.

anatomical development

immune response

oxygen level

histology

hormone level

anatomical development

The study of mechanism of disease is called __________.

neurophysiology

pathophysiology

endocrinology

histology

pathophysiology

__________ system includes skin, hair, nails, sense receptors, sweat glands, oil glands.

muscular

skeletal

integumentary

nervous

lymphatic

integumentary

The __________ system coordinates activities of other body systems (e.g. muscle) and responds to sensations.

nervous

lymphatic

cardiovascular

endocrine

skeletal

nervous

Tendons belong to __________ system.

nervous

skeletal

integumentary

lymphatic

muscular

muscular

Sweat and oil  glands belong to __________ system.

muscular

digestive

integumentary

endocrine

urinary

integumentary

Which of the following is NOT the correct name of an organ system?

cardiovascular

hormonal

muscular

integumentary

lymphatic

hormonal

Which body system would be affected by degeneration of cartilage in joints?

skeletal

lymphatic

nervous

cardiovascular

muscular

skeletal

When you are exposed to bright light, a reflex is initiated and your iris constricts to decrease pupil size. Which system initiates these responses?

Muscular

Urinary

Nervous

Respiratory

Integumentary

Nervous

Which system is responsible for providing surface protection, regulating body temperature, and being the site of cutaneous receptors?

Urinary

Muscular

Respiratory

Nervous

Integumentary

Integumentary

The system responsible for the exchange of gases between the blood and atmospheric air is the _____________ system.

nervous

cardiovascular

endocrine

urinary

respiratory

respiratory

The integumentary system ­­­­____________.

produces body movements

coordinates and integrates body function

controls intellectual functions

breaks down food into small particles for absorption

regulates body temperature

regulates body temperature

_________________ are the simplest body structures considered alive.

Systems

Cells

Tissues

Organs

Molecules

Cells

Which level consists of related organs that work to achieve a common function?

Chemical level

Tissue level

System level

Chemical level

Cellular level

System level

Consider the following structural levels of body organization, which level encompasses the other four?

tissue

organ

system

cell

chemical

system

Taking apart a clock to see how it works is similar to ____________ thinking about human physiology.

reductionist

inductive

evolutionary

holistic

comparative

reductionist

The fact that most of us have five lumbar vertebrae, but some people have six and some have four is an example of ____________ among organisms.

homeostasis

physiological variation

reductionist

anatomical variation

cellular variation

anatomical variation

Which of the following activities would represent a physiological study?

observing the structure of the interior of the heart

determining normal blood sugar levels for 20-year-old students

studying a model of the kidney

viewing muscle tissue through a microscope

examining the surface of a bone

determining normal blood sugar levels for 20-year-old students

Ultrastructure refers to the study of detailed structures (such as organelles of a cell). 

It is down to the the level that requires the use of ____________.

surgery

dissection

chemical reaction

electron microscopy

light microscopy

electron microscopy

________ is a subdiscipline of physiology that studies the functioning of the kidney.

pathophysiology

renal physiology

endocrinology

neurophysiology

renal physiology

___________ system includes organs such as pituitary gland, adrenal gland, and thymus.

cardiovascular

reproductive

endocrine

respiratory

lymphatic

endocrine

The gallbladder, liver, and stomach are all part of the _________.

respiratory system

skeletal system

endocrine system

digestive system

cardiovascular system

digestive system

What system removes nitrogenous waste products from the blood and regulates blood pH, ion balance, and water balance?

cardiovascular

urinary

immune

respiratory

lymphatic

urinary

The body system that provides framework support and protection of the soft organs, as well as being a site of blood cell production (hemopoiesis) is the ____________ system.

muscular

cardiovascular

skeletal

respiratory

lymphatic

skeletal

_____________ is the view that not everything about an organism can be understood or predicted from the knowledge of its components; that is, the whole is greater than the sum of its parts.

Materialism

Naturalism

Science

Holism

Reductionism

Holism

A(n) _____________ is a group of similar cells and their intercellular materials in a discrete region of an organ performing a specific function.

organ

atom and molecule

tissue

organelle

organism

tissue

A tissue is a ______________.

group of organs that performs specific functions

structure that contains a group of organs

group of cells with similar structure and function

structure contained within a cell

lower level of organization than a cell

group of cells with similar structure and function

_______ is the study of the functions of body structures.

Immunology

Physiology

Histology

Dissection

Anatomy

Physiology

Visual inspection of the appearance of the liver and gallbladder during surgery is associated with which of the following?

gross anatomy

cytology

physiology

histology

radiology

gross anatomy

Organize the following structural levels of the human body from simplest to most complex.

(1) cell

(2) tissue

(3) chemical

(4) system

(5) organ

1, 2, 3, 4, 5

3, 1, 2, 4, 5

4, 2, 3, 1, 5

2, 3, 1, 4, 5

3, 1, 2, 5, 4

3, 1, 2, 5, 4