Northern Europe and Spain (1500-1600)
alchemy
the medieval study of changing base metal into gold
allegory
imbuing narratives, images or figures with symbolic meaning to convey moral principles and philosophical ideas
choleric
(cat)-easily moved to excessive anger
copyright
the exclusive legal right to protect written or artistic products. Durer was the first to successfully sue and win after someone published his work and took the profits
cosmic landscape
a view of the world from above-a bird’s eye view
Counterreformation
attempt on the part of the Catholic Church to reform the issues which were driving the faithful to the Protestant Church
engraving
using a burin to carve an image into a metal plate
etching
corroding a design into metal with acid
Four Humors
a study of human temperament based on the idea of bodily fluids
genre
a category of painting which depicted everyday life and people going about their daily tasks
indulgences
pardon for the temporal punishment of sin which reduced the time a person would spend in purgatory
landscape
a picture of a specific place
melancholic
(elk) tend to a depressed spirit
Memento Mori
Latin language a reminder of human mortality sometimes signified by a skull
Mysticism
a personal experience of God
Nepotism
the appointment of relatives to important positions
Ninety-five Theses
the document written by Luther, which he nailed to the door of the Wittenberg Cathedral. He challenged papal authority and enumerated his objections to Church practices.
Phlegmatic
(ox)- having a slow and stolid temperament
Protestant Reformation
reformers directly challenged the authority of the church
Protestantism
the establishment of new religions with a belief in personal faith rather than adherence to Catholic creed and practice.
Sanguine
(rabbit) tendency toward cheerfulness of spirit
Woodcut
a wooden slab carved so that a raised design remains to be inked and used to make prints