Organic Chemistry Vocabulary - Page 1

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A set of 15 vocabulary flashcards covering common organic functional groups from Page 1 notes.

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15 Terms

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Alkane

A saturated hydrocarbon with only single bonds between carbon atoms; general formula CnH2n+2.

<p>A saturated hydrocarbon with only single bonds between carbon atoms; general formula CnH2n+2.</p>
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Alkene

A hydrocarbon containing at least one carbon–carbon double bond (C=C); unsaturated.

<p>A hydrocarbon containing at least one carbon–carbon double bond (C=C); unsaturated.</p>
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Alkyne

A hydrocarbon containing at least one carbon–carbon triple bond (C≡C); highly unsaturated.

<p>A hydrocarbon containing at least one carbon–carbon triple bond (C≡C); highly unsaturated.</p>
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Benzene

An aromatic ring (C6H6) with a conjugated system and resonance, typically represented as a hexagon with alternating double bonds.

<p>An aromatic ring (C6H6) with a conjugated system and resonance, typically represented as a hexagon with alternating double bonds.</p>
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Amine

An organic compound containing a nitrogen atom bonded to one or more carbon substituents (R–NR'R''); general formula for amines.

<p>An organic compound containing a nitrogen atom bonded to one or more carbon substituents (R–NR'R''); general formula for amines.</p>
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Alcohol

An organic compound containing a hydroxyl group (-OH) attached to carbon.

<p>An organic compound containing a hydroxyl group (-OH) attached to carbon.</p>
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Ether

An organic compound with an oxygen atom connected to two carbon substituents (R–O–R').

<p>An organic compound with an oxygen atom connected to two carbon substituents (R–O–R').</p>
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Thiol

An organic compound containing a sulfhydryl group (-SH) attached to carbon.

<p>An organic compound containing a sulfhydryl group (-SH) attached to carbon.</p>
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Alkyl halide

A compound with a carbon chain bonded to a halogen atom (X = F, Cl, Br, I).

<p>A compound with a carbon chain bonded to a halogen atom (X = F, Cl, Br, I).</p>
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Aldehyde

A carbonyl-containing compound with the formyl group: R–CHO.

<p>A carbonyl-containing compound with the formyl group: R–CHO.</p>
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Ketone

A carbonyl-containing compound where the carbonyl carbon is bonded to two carbon groups: R–CO–R'.

<p>A carbonyl-containing compound where the carbonyl carbon is bonded to two carbon groups: R–CO–R'.</p>
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Ester

A carbonyl compound with an OR' group: R–CO–OR'.

<p>A carbonyl compound with an OR' group: R–CO–OR'.</p>
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Carboxylic acid

A functional group with a carbonyl and hydroxyl: R–COOH.

<p>A functional group with a carbonyl and hydroxyl: R–COOH.</p>
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Amide

A carbonyl compound bonded to nitrogen: R–CONR'R''.

<p>A carbonyl compound bonded to nitrogen: R–CONR'R''.</p>
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Nitrile

A functional group with a carbon triple-bonded to nitrogen: R–CN.

<p>A functional group with a carbon triple-bonded to nitrogen: R–CN.</p>