Anatomy, Integumentary System, and Homeostatic Mechanisms

Comprehensive vocabulary flashcard set covering body cavities, integumentary skin structures, and feedback control mechanisms based on lecture diagrams and notes.

Anatomical Body Cavities Diagram

A diagram illustrating the structural divisions of human body cavities, separated into dorsal (cranial and spinal) and ventral (thoracic, abdominal, and pelvic) regions.

Dorsal Body Cavity

The posterior fluid-filled cavity of the body that encompasses the cranial cavity and the spinal cavity.

Cranial Cavity

The upper subdivision of the dorsal cavity enclosed within the skull that houses and protects the brain.

Spinal Cavity

The lower subdivision of the dorsal cavity enclosed by the vertebral column that contains the spinal cord.

Ventral Body Cavity

The anterior body cavity comprising the thoracic cavity superiorly and the abdominopelvic cavity inferiorly.

Thoracic Cavity

The upper compartment of the ventral body cavity located above the diaphragm.

Diaphragm

A muscular membrane separating the thoracic cavity from the abdominopelvic cavity.

Abdominopelvic Cavity

The lower region of the ventral cavity situated below the diaphragm, consisting of the abdominal cavity and pelvic cavity.

Abdominal Cavity

The superior segment of the abdominopelvic cavity positioned between the diaphragm and the pelvic cavity.

Pelvic Cavity

The inferior segment of the abdominopelvic cavity located below the abdominal cavity.

Skin Cross-Section Diagram

A anatomical diagram depicting the layers of the skin (epidermis, dermis, hypodermis) along with associated follicles, glands, nerves, and blood vessels.

Epidermis

The most superficial, outermost layer of the skin lying above the dermis.

Dermis

The middle layer of skin situated beneath the epidermis and above the hypodermis, containing glands, hair follicles, nerves, and blood vessels.

Hypodermis

The deep subcutaneous layer of skin beneath the dermis, largely composed of adipose tissue.

Arrector Pili Muscle

A band of smooth muscle attached to a hair follicle that contracts to pull the hair upright.

Hair Follicle

A sheath structure surrounding the hair root that produces the hair shaft.

Sebaceous (Oil) Gland

An exocrine gland attached to hair follicles that secretes oil.

Eccrine Sweat Gland

A coiled tubular gland in the skin that secretes sweat to the surface through a pore of sweat gland duct.

Pacinian Corpuscle

A specialized sensory nerve receptor located in the skin that detects pressure and vibration.

Cutaneous Vascular Plexus

A network of blood vessels situated near the dermal-hypodermal junction that supplies the skin.

Adipose Tissue

Fat-storing connective tissue found in the hypodermis layer of the skin.

Stimulus

A physical or chemical change originating from the external environment that triggers a biological mechanism.

Receptors

Sensory units that detect stimuli from the external environment and send input to the control center.

Control Center

A body system component that processes incoming sensory signals, compares them to a set point, and signals effectors.

Set Point

The baseline standard or target physiological value maintained by the control center.

Effectors

Muscles or glands that act upon signals from the control center to execute a physical change.

Response

The final outcome produced by effectors that corrects the initial deviation caused by a stimulus.