SS - Issues on Human Rights

Rights

Moral/Legal settlement to do/have something.

Liberty

free from oppressive restrictions from authorities

Freedom

right/power to act, speak, or think as one wants

Jurisdiction

power to make legal decisions/judgement

Law

single legislation

Constitution

all laws/regulations in 1 doc

DUE Process of Law

fairness in all legal matters

Probable cause

reasonable grounds to believe that a person has commited a crime

Reasonable Doubt

insufficient evidence preventing jury from conviction

Arraignment

legal proceeding in which a person will be asked if he is guilty or not.

Types of rights

• Innate/Natural

• Rights mandated by the law

Innate/Natural

• every individual possesses inherent rights simply by the virtue of being human

• fundamental, pre-existing, not granted by gov’t/institutions

Rights mandated by the law

varies depending on jurisdiction and legal system

Constitutional Rights

afforded by a country’s constitution, enshrined in a writted document and is a framework

(Can not be changed/removed )

Ex: Due process of law (Bill of rights), right to suffrage (political rights), requirements for citizenship and right to just and humane conditions of work ( Right of labor)

Statutory Rights

mandated by law’s approved and ratified by the congress or law makers

(Can be removed or changed)

Categories of rights: According to law

• Civil Rights

• Political Rights

• Economic/Livelihood Rights

• Social/Cultural Rights

• Rights of the accused

Civil Rights

Basic rights/freedom that are guaranteed to individuals by law.

Political Rights

rights that individuals have within a political system, granting them the ability to vote and influence the decisions that affected them and their community

Economic/Livelihood Rights

the rights of individuals to enjoy a decent standard of living.

Social/Cultural Rights

freedom to participate in living out one’s beliefs, and continuing and enchancing one’s own traditions and customs.

Rights of the accused

protects people accused of a crime

ex: innocent until proven guilty

Philippine Constitution (1987)

is the foundation and primary law of the country

Universal Declaration of Human Rights of the UN

adopted by our gov. as member of the org.