NEUROLOGICAL SYSTEM-5.pdf

Part 2

CEREBRUM

region of the adult brain that develops from the telencephalon and is responsible for higher neurological functions such as memory, emotion, and consciousness

CEREBRAL CORTEX

outer gray matter covering the forebrain, marked by wrinkles and folds known as gyri and sulci

FISSURE

a deep groove or split, often referring to a cleft or crack in a structure, such as the cerebral cortex or skin

LONGITUDINAL FISSUE

There is a large separation between the two sides of the cerebrum

HEMISPHERE

two symmetrical halves of a spherical structure, like the cerebrum (brain) or the cerebellum

SULCUS

(plural = sulci) is the groove between two gyri. The pattern of these folds of tissue indicates specific regions of the cerebral cortex.

GYRUS

(plural = gyri) is the ridge of one of those wrinkles

LATERAL SULCUS

separates the temporal lobe from the other regions is one such landmark.

CENTRAL SULCUS

surface landmark of the cerebral cortex that marks the boundary between the frontal and parietal lobes

MOTOR CORTEX

where descending commands are sent down to the brain stem or spinal cord to execute movements

PRE-FRONTAL CORTEX

ability to organize information

OLFACTORY CORTEX

processing the sense of smell

BROCAS AREA

region of the brain that contains neurons involved in speech function

WERNICKES AREA

located in the posterior superior temporal lobe of the brain

PROPIOCEPTION

the body's ability to sense its position and movement in space without relying on visual input

SOMATOSENSATION

the body's ability to perceive sensations from the skin, muscles, joints, and internal organs, including touch, pressure, temperature, pain, and body position.

FRONTAL LOBE

primarily responsible for higher-level cognitive functions, including motor control, speech, executive functions (planning, decision-making, problem-solving), and personality expression

PARIETAL LOBE

processing somatosensory information, including touch, pain, temperature, and body position (proprioception)

OCCIPITAL LOBE

processing visual information

TEMPORAL LOBE

processing auditory information, understanding language, and forming memories, particularly visual ones