complementation in diploids

Independent Assortment

Two genes (on diff chromosomes) segregate (assort) independently from one another in meiosis.

Homozygous

When both alleles at a given diploid locus are the same e.g. AA or aa.

Heterozygous

When there is one dominant and one recessive allele present at a diploid locus e.g., Aa.

Homozygote

An individual who is homozygous at the locus in question.

Heterozygote

An individual who is heterozygous at the locus in question.

Hybrid

Derived from two genetically different parents.

Monohybrid

A hybrid or heterozygote for one gene.

Dihybrid

A hybrid or heterozygote for two different genes.

True Breeding

Homozygous at the loci/locus in question.

Dihybrid Cross

The two genes segregate independently of each other.

Gametes

reproductive cells

Recombinant Phenotypes

Non-parental phenotype

Phenotypic Ratio

9:3:3:1. crosses that obey this ratio obey Medel's principle of independent assortment.

Branched Line Diagrams

Can generate probabilities of all possible genotypes.

Polygenic Inheritance

The inheritance of a trait governed by more than one gene.