Cell Organization and Specialization

Cells

Specialized cells to carry out specific functions. Ex: nerve cells, muscle cells.

Tissues

Groups of cells that are similar in shape and function. Ex: Epithelial tissue is made up of epithelial cells.

Organs

Tissues that are organized into larger structures that have one function. Ex. Heart pumps blood through your body.

Organ systems

Groups or organs that have related functions. Ex: Circulatory system includes the heart, arteries, capillaries, veins.

What is the difference between prokaryotes and eukaryotes

Eukaryotes contain organelles surrounded by membranes (nucleus)

Prokaryotes are unicellular

define cell differentiation

a result of gene expression, a process where a gene is switched on or off, resulting in different proteins being made.

define cell specialization

when cells are specialized to perform certain functions, a result from cell differentiation

describe the shaped of neuron, red blood, and sperm cells, describe them in relation to their functions.

1. neuron cells are very long and thin. they send info from one part of the body to another

2. red blood cells are flattened disks that easily flow through your blood vessels

3. sperm cells have a strong tail for quick swimming and a distinct head to help fertilize the egg cell

what are stem cells

steml cells can become anh cell in the body as they have not undergone cell differentiation

what is sickle cell anemia

when red blood cells are in a sickle shape, the function is negatively affected