Information Management and Database Systems Vocabulary

Flashcards for vocabulary related to information management, database systems, SQL, and data modeling.

Information Management (IM)

The systematic process of collecting, organizing, storing, and distributing data and knowledge within an organization.

Importance of Information Management

Ensures data is organized, secure, and accessible, enabling organizations to make informed decisions, enhance productivity, and maintain compliance with regulations.

5 Key Areas of Information Management

Collection, Storage, Distribution, Archiving, Destruction

Database System

A computerized system to store data and allow users to retrieve and update that data on demand.

3 Main Components of Data

Entities, Attributes, Relationships

DataBase Management System (DBMS)

Manages all requests for access to the database.

Database

Collection of data that is persistent, integrated and shared.

Database Management System (DBMS)

A software system designed to manage and organize data in a structured manner.

Data Modeling

Tools for creating and modifying data models, which define the structure and relationships of the data in a database.

Data Storage and Retrieval

Responsible for storing and retrieving data from the database, providing various methods for searching and querying the data.

Concurrency Control

Mechanisms for controlling concurrent access to the database, ensuring multiple users can access the data without conflicts.

Data Integrity and Security

Tools for enforcing data integrity and security constraints, such as constraints on the values of data and access controls.

Backup and Recovery

Mechanisms for backing up and recovering the data in the event of a system failure.

Relational Database Management System (RDBMS)

Data is organized into tables (relations) with rows and columns, and relationships between the data are managed through primary and foreign keys.

NoSQL DBMS

Designed for high-performance scenarios and large-scale data, NoSQL databases store data in various non-relational formats such as key-value pairs, documents, graphs, or columns.

Object-Oriented DBMS (OODBMS)

Stores data as objects, similar to those used in object-oriented programming, allowing for complex data representations and relationships.

Data Definition Language (DDL)

Deals with database schemas and descriptions, defining how the data should reside in the database. Commands include CREATE, ALTER, DROP, etc.

Data Manipulation Language (DML)

Deals with data manipulation, including SELECT, INSERT, UPDATE, DELETE, etc.

Data Control Language (DCL)

Acts as an access specifier to the database, including GRANT and REVOKE permissions.

Transactional Control Language (TCL)

Manages transactional data, including commands like COMMIT, ROLLBACK, and SAVEPOINT.

Concurrent Access (DBMS Advantage)

Ensures multiple users can access the data without conflicts.

SQL (Structured Query Language)

A Query Language specifically designed for managing data in a database.

Primary Key (PK)

The Unique data that is used to identify an individual set of data.

Foreign Key

The field that matches another unique ID

Data Models

Clarified diagram of a software and information elements it holds

Entity

Real-world object in conceptual data model

Attribute

Properties of an entity in conceptual data model

Relationship

Relation between two entities in conceptual data model