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Long Bone
Cylindrical bones that are longer than they are wide, primarily composed of compact bone and spongy bone at the ends, providing support, movement, and acting as levers for muscles.
Examples of Long Bones
Femur, tibia, fibula, humerus, radius, ulna, phalanges.
Short Bone
Cube-shaped bones that are as long as they are wide, mostly spongy bone with a thin layer of compact bone, providing stability and support while allowing some motion.
Examples of Short Bones
Carpals (wrist bones), tarsals (ankle bones).
Flat Bone
Thin, flattened, often curved bones composed of two layers of compact bone with spongy bone in between, protecting internal organs and providing large surface areas for muscle attachment.
Examples of Flat Bones
Skull bones (frontal, parietal), sternum, ribs, scapula.
Irregular Bone
Bones with complex shapes that don't fit into other categories, providing protection for organs and supporting various functions like movement.
Examples of Irregular Bones
Vertebrae, sacrum, mandible, pelvis.
Sesamoid Bone
Small, round bones embedded in tendons, usually found near joints, reducing friction, acting as pulleys for tendons, and protecting tendons from stress.
Example of a Sesamoid Bone
Patella (kneecap) and small bones in the hands and feet.
