Lab 10 Eocene Fossil Primates

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8 Terms

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Eocene Epoch

56.0-33.9 Ma

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<p><strong>Where were these Eocene Fossils found?</strong></p>

Where were these Eocene Fossils found?

The continents were almost in their modern positions but, at times, North America, Europe, and Asia were connected. Not surprisingly, Eocene primates are known from fossil localities on all of these continents plus Africa

  • North American fossil localities include those from the Bighorn Basin in Wyoming

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Eocene Primate Traits

  • Forward-facing eyes

  • Nose below eyes

  • Post-orbital bar

  • Nails on most digits

  • Divergent hallux

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Eocene Primate Classification

Even though Eocene primates are the oldest-known in the fossil record, they have already diverged into two distinct taxonomic groups: Adapidae & Omomyidae

<p>Even though Eocene primates are&nbsp;the oldest-known in the fossil record, they have already diverged into two distinct taxonomic groups: <strong>Adapidae </strong>&amp; <strong>Omomyidae</strong></p>
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Adapidae: (Superfamily Adapoidea)

Have most of the diagnostic traits of the Suborder Strepsirrhini and appear to be early members of the lineage that gave rise to today's lemurs, lorises, and galagos

<p>Have most of the diagnostic traits of the Suborder Strepsirrhini and appear to be early members of the lineage that gave rise to today's lemurs, lorises, and galagos</p>
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Omomyidae: (Superfamily Omomyoidea)

Have most of the diagnostic traits of the Suborder Haplorrhini and appear to be early members of the lineage that gave rise to today's tarsiers, monkeys, apes, and humans!

<p>Have most of the diagnostic traits of the Suborder Haplorrhini and appear to be early members of the lineage that gave rise to today's tarsiers, monkeys, apes, and humans!</p>
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ADAPIDAE ADAPTIVE PROFILE

  • STREPSIRRHINI TRAITS: Open eye orbits, external lacrimal duct, wet nose, (missing a tooth comb)

  • ACTIVITY: Diurnal (examine the relative size of the eye orbit for skull length)

  • DIET: Some frugivorous, some folivorous (TBM above 500 g, premolars & molars have low-rounded cusps OR high-crested cusps)

  • LOCOMOTION: Quadrupedal (look at relative limb lengths)

  • FOSSIL SPECIES: Cantius

  • GOOD MODERN PRIMATE MODEL:  Common lemurs in Madagascar

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OMOMYIDAE ADAPTIVE PROFILE:

  • HAPLORRHINI TRAITS: Closed eye orbits, internal lacrimal duct, dry nose, no tooth comb

  • ACTIVITY: Nocturnal (examine the relative size of the eye orbit for skull length)

  • DIET: Most insectivorous/faunivorous, some frugivorous (TBM below 500 g, premolars & molars have high-pointed cusps OR low-rounded cusps)

  • LOCOMOTION: Leapers (look at relative limb lengths)

  • FOSSIL SPECIES: Teilhardina, Tetonius

  • GOOD MODERN PRIMATE MODEL:  Tarsiers in southeastern Asia